[{"slug":"classroom-context-evidence-surrounding-word","clue":"Evidence surrounding an unfamiliar word","answer":"CONTEXT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Context is the surrounding language or situation that helps establish meaning.","explanation":"CONTEXT fits because surrounding words and sentences provide the evidence a reader uses to interpret an unfamiliar term.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The noun phrase asks for the surrounding evidence used during reading.","hint":"Think about the words and sentences around the unknown term.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["vocabulary","context clues","reading inference"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-connotation-emotional-association","clue":"A word's emotional association","answer":"CONNOTATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Connotation is the feeling or association suggested by a word beyond its literal definition.","explanation":"CONNOTATION is the eleven-letter noun for the emotional or cultural association a word carries in addition to its dictionary meaning.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The possessive construction asks for a noun naming an association attached to a word.","hint":"Look beyond the dictionary definition to the feeling a word suggests.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["vocabulary","word meaning","association"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-antonym-opposite-meaning","clue":"A word with the opposite meaning","answer":"ANTONYM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An antonym is a word whose meaning contrasts with another word.","explanation":"ANTONYM fits because it names a word that expresses the opposite meaning, such as cold in relation to hot.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase “opposite meaning” directly identifies a vocabulary relationship.","hint":"Recall the vocabulary term paired with “synonym” in many lessons.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["vocabulary","meaning relationship","opposites"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-synonym-similar-meaning","clue":"A word with a similar meaning","answer":"SYNONYM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word.","explanation":"SYNONYM is the seven-letter noun for a word with a similar meaning, such as rapid in relation to fast.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase “similar meaning” directly identifies a common vocabulary relationship.","hint":"Think of the counterpart to an opposite-meaning word.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["vocabulary","meaning relationship","similarity"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-inference-conclusion-from-evidence","clue":"A conclusion drawn from evidence","answer":"INFERENCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An inference is a conclusion reached by reasoning from evidence rather than from an explicit statement.","explanation":"INFERENCE fits because readers draw this kind of conclusion by combining textual evidence with what they already know.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The past-participle phrase “drawn from evidence” asks for the result of reasoning.","hint":"Name the conclusion a reader makes when the text does not state it directly.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","evidence","reasoning"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-prefix-word-beginning","clue":"Word beginning added to change meaning","answer":"PREFIX","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A prefix is a meaningful element attached to the beginning of a word or root.","explanation":"PREFIX fits because this word part is added before a base or root, as re- is added to write in rewrite.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue specifies a word beginning and an added element, pointing to a morphology term.","hint":"Think of the word part that comes before a base or root.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["morphology","word parts","vocabulary"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-suffix-word-ending","clue":"Word ending added to change meaning","answer":"SUFFIX","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A suffix is a meaningful element attached to the end of a word or root.","explanation":"SUFFIX fits because this word part follows a base or root, as -less follows hope in hopeless.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue specifies a word ending and an added element, pointing to a morphology term.","hint":"Think of the word part that comes after a base or root.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["morphology","word parts","vocabulary"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-root-core-word-part","clue":"Core word part carrying meaning","answer":"ROOT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A root is the central word element that carries the primary lexical meaning.","explanation":"ROOT fits because it is the core meaningful part to which prefixes or suffixes can be attached.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"“Core word part” asks for the base meaning-bearing element studied in morphology.","hint":"Picture the central part from which related words grow.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["morphology","word parts","meaning"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-morpheme-smallest-meaningful-unit","clue":"Smallest meaningful unit of language","answer":"MORPHEME","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A morpheme is the smallest linguistic unit that carries meaning or a grammatical function.","explanation":"MORPHEME fits because a unit such as un-, help, or -ful contributes meaning even when it is not a complete word by itself.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The superlative “smallest” and adjective “meaningful” identify a precise linguistic unit.","hint":"Look for an eight-letter linguistics term smaller than many complete words.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["morphology","linguistics","word parts"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-compound-two-complete-words","clue":"Word formed by combining two complete words","answer":"COMPOUND","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A compound is a word created by joining two independent words into one expression.","explanation":"COMPOUND fits because words such as sunlight and notebook combine two complete words to form a new lexical unit.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase “combining two complete words” identifies a word-formation category.","hint":"Think of the category containing words such as rainfall and classroom.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["morphology","word formation","vocabulary"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-analyze-examine-parts","clue":"Examine closely by separating into parts","answer":"ANALYZE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To analyze is to examine something closely by considering its components and relationships.","explanation":"ANALYZE fits because the verb describes breaking information into parts so its structure, evidence, or meaning can be understood.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The base-form verbs “examine” and “separating” call for another action word.","hint":"Name the academic action used before explaining how the parts work together.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["academic language","analysis","thinking skill"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-evidence-facts-support-claim","clue":"Facts that support a claim","answer":"EVIDENCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Evidence consists of facts, details, examples, or observations used to support a conclusion or claim.","explanation":"EVIDENCE fits because writers and researchers use relevant facts or details to justify what they claim is true.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The plural idea “facts” is defined by its function of supporting a claim.","hint":"Think of what a writer cites to prove a point.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["academic language","argument","research"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-contrast-show-differences","clue":"Show how two things differ","answer":"CONTRAST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To contrast is to identify or emphasize differences between two or more things.","explanation":"CONTRAST fits because this academic verb asks a student to explain differences rather than similarities.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The base-form verb “show” requires an action word, and “differ” supplies its purpose.","hint":"This is the second action in the instruction “compare and ___.”","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["academic language","comparison","writing"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-summarize-main-ideas-briefly","clue":"State the main ideas briefly","answer":"SUMMARIZE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To summarize is to express the central ideas of a longer text in a concise form.","explanation":"SUMMARIZE fits because the task keeps the main ideas while omitting many supporting details and examples.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The base-form verb and adverb “briefly” point to a concise academic action.","hint":"Name the action that produces a short account of a longer text.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["academic language","reading","writing"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-cite-name-source","clue":"Name a source as support","answer":"CITE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To cite is to identify a source as evidence, authority, or attribution.","explanation":"CITE fits because academic writers name the source of a quotation, fact, or idea to support their work and give credit.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The base-form verb “name” and phrase “as support” indicate an academic source action.","hint":"Think of the four-letter verb used when giving a source credit.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["academic language","sources","writing"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-osmosis-water-membrane","clue":"Movement of water through a membrane","answer":"OSMOSIS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Osmosis is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane toward a region of higher solute concentration.","explanation":"OSMOSIS fits because it specifically describes water moving across a selectively permeable membrane as concentrations balance.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The combination of “water” and “membrane” points to a specific biological transport process.","hint":"Name the seven-letter cell-transport process involving water rather than any particle.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["science","biology","cell transport"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecosystem-organisms-environment","clue":"Community of organisms and their environment","answer":"ECOSYSTEM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with one another and with the nonliving environment.","explanation":"ECOSYSTEM fits because it includes both the organisms in a community and the physical environment with which they interact.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue joins a biological community with its environment, defining an ecological system.","hint":"Think of the nine-letter unit containing living and nonliving parts.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["science","ecology","environment"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-atom-smallest-element-unit","clue":"Smallest unit of an element","answer":"ATOM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An atom is the smallest unit that retains the chemical properties of an element.","explanation":"ATOM fits because this four-letter unit still behaves chemically as the element even though it can contain smaller particles.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The superlative “smallest” and noun “element” identify a basic chemistry unit.","hint":"Name the four-letter unit built from protons, neutrons, and electrons.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["science","chemistry","matter"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-gravity-pulls-earth","clue":"Force that pulls objects toward Earth","answer":"GRAVITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Gravity is the attractive force between masses, experienced near Earth as a downward pull.","explanation":"GRAVITY fits because Earth's mass attracts objects toward its center, producing the familiar downward force described by the clue.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue names a force and its familiar effect near Earth.","hint":"Think of the seven-letter force that gives objects weight.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["science","physics","force"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-variable-experiment-factor","clue":"Factor that can change in an experiment","answer":"VARIABLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A variable is a factor or condition that can take different values in an investigation.","explanation":"VARIABLE fits because experiments change, control, or measure factors to test how one condition affects another.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The noun “factor” and phrase “can change” define an experimental quantity.","hint":"Name the eight-letter factor researchers manipulate, control, or measure.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["science","experiment","research"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-metaphor-says-one-is-another","clue":"Comparison that says one thing is another","answer":"METAPHOR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A metaphor is a figurative comparison that identifies one thing as another without using like or as.","explanation":"METAPHOR fits because this comparison directly says one thing is another, as in “time is a thief.”","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording distinguishes a direct figurative comparison from one using like or as.","hint":"Think of the eight-letter device in the sentence “The classroom was a zoo.”","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["language arts","figurative language","comparison"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-simile-using-like-as","clue":"Comparison using like or as","answer":"SIMILE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A simile is a figurative comparison that explicitly uses like or as.","explanation":"SIMILE fits because this six-letter device compares unlike things with wording such as “quiet as a mouse.”","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The explicit words “like or as” identify a standard figurative-language device.","hint":"Recall the device used in “the water shone like glass.”","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["language arts","figurative language","comparison"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-narrator-voice-tells-story","clue":"Voice that tells a story","answer":"NARRATOR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A narrator is the voice or persona through which a story is told.","explanation":"NARRATOR fits because this is the storytelling voice, which may be a character or an observer outside the events.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The noun “voice” is defined by its storytelling function rather than by sound quality.","hint":"Name the eight-letter voice that may speak in first or third person.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["language arts","fiction","point of view"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-theme-central-message","clue":"Central message of a text","answer":"THEME","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A theme is a central idea or message developed across a literary work.","explanation":"THEME fits because it is the broader message a reader infers from characters, conflicts, events, and patterns in a text.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for a singular literary term naming a text's central message.","hint":"Think of the five-letter idea a story develops rather than its plot events.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["language arts","literature","central idea"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-irony-expectation-reality","clue":"Contrast between expectation and reality","answer":"IRONY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Irony is an incongruity between what is expected, said, or intended and what actually occurs or is meant.","explanation":"IRONY fits because the clue describes the gap between an expectation and the reality that contradicts it.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The abstract contrast between expectation and reality defines a literary concept.","hint":"Name the five-letter device often discussed as situational, verbal, or dramatic.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["language arts","literary device","contrast"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reliable-able-trusted","clue":"Able to be trusted","answer":"RELIABLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Reliable describes a person, source, or result that can be trusted to be accurate or consistent.","explanation":"RELIABLE fits because the adjective directly describes something dependable enough to be trusted.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"“Able to be” signals an adjective describing a trustworthy quality.","hint":"Look for an eight-letter adjective meaning dependable.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["precision","source evaluation","adjective"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ease-make-less-severe","clue":"Make less severe","answer":"EASE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To ease is to reduce the severity, intensity, or difficulty of something.","explanation":"EASE fits because the four-letter verb means to lessen pain, pressure, difficulty, or another severe condition.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The base-form verb “make” requires another action word, and “less severe” supplies its meaning.","hint":"Think of a four-letter verb that can mean relieve or lessen.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["precision","verb","degree"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-revise-improve-writing-changing","clue":"Improve writing by changing it","answer":"REVISE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To revise is to reconsider and change writing in order to improve its meaning, structure, or clarity.","explanation":"REVISE fits because writers perform this action when they change ideas, organization, or wording to improve a draft.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The base-form verb “improve” and method “by changing” identify a writing-process action.","hint":"Name the six-letter action that comes after drafting and before editing.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["precision","writing process","revision"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-precise-exact-carefully-stated","clue":"Exact and carefully stated","answer":"PRECISE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Precise describes language, measurement, or reasoning that is exact and clearly specified.","explanation":"PRECISE fits because this adjective describes wording or measurement that avoids vagueness and states details exactly.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The paired adjectives “exact” and “carefully stated” define another adjective.","hint":"Look for a seven-letter adjective meaning exact rather than vague.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["precision","academic language","adjective"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-justify-support-choice-reasons","clue":"Support a choice with reasons","answer":"JUSTIFY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To justify is to provide reasons or evidence showing that a choice, claim, or conclusion is reasonable.","explanation":"JUSTIFY fits because students perform this action when they defend a choice by connecting it to reasons or evidence.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The base-form verb “support” and phrase “with reasons” define an evidence-based action.","hint":"Name the seven-letter verb teachers use when asking you to explain why your answer is valid.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["precision","reasoning","evidence"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://crosswordcluetutor.com/assets/classroom-clues.json","sourceLicense":"original-rights-reserved","requiredAttribution":"Crossword Clue Tutor","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-context-situation","clue":"The circumstances surrounding an event or statement","answer":"SITUATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A situation is the set of circumstances in which something occurs.","explanation":"SITUATION fits because context includes the circumstances surrounding an event or statement.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase surrounding an event asks for a noun naming circumstances.","hint":"Think about what is happening around the words or event.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["vocabulary","context"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-context-clue-example","clue":"A nearby instance that helps explain a word","answer":"EXAMPLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An example is a particular case used to clarify an idea or word.","explanation":"EXAMPLE fits because a concrete case can reveal what an unfamiliar word means.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for a nearby clarifying instance.","hint":"Look for a specific case placed near the unfamiliar term.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["vocabulary","context clues"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-context-restatement","clue":"A repeated idea expressed in different words","answer":"RESTATEMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A restatement presents the same meaning again with new wording.","explanation":"RESTATEMENT fits because writers may repeat an idea in clearer language as a context clue.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Repeated idea and different words describe a rephrasing move.","hint":"The second wording keeps the meaning but changes the phrasing.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","context clues"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-context-contrast","clue":"A relationship showing two ideas sharply differ","answer":"OPPOSITION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Opposition is a relationship in which ideas or qualities differ strongly.","explanation":"OPPOSITION fits because contrasting ideas can help readers infer an unfamiliar meaning.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Sharply differ signals a noun for a strong contrast.","hint":"Think of ideas placed against each other to show difference.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["meaning","contrast"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-context-tone","clue":"The writer's attitude suggested by language","answer":"TONE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Tone is the attitude a writer conveys through choices of language.","explanation":"TONE fits because word choice and context reveal the writer's attitude.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Writer's attitude identifies a literary meaning term.","hint":"Listen for whether the wording sounds amused, serious, or doubtful.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","author attitude"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"context-and-meaning","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-word-structure-derivation","clue":"Formation of a word from an affix and a base","answer":"DERIVATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Derivation is the formation of a word by adding an affix to a base.","explanation":"DERIVATION fits because affixes can create a new word or change its part of speech.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Formation from an affix and base names a word-building process.","hint":"A new word grows from an existing base by adding a meaningful part.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["morphology","word formation"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-word-structure-inflection","clue":"A grammatical change to a word's form","answer":"INFLECTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Inflection changes a word to express grammar such as tense or number.","explanation":"INFLECTION fits because forms such as walked or books mark grammar while retaining the word's core identity.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Grammar and form point to a morphology term.","hint":"The ending may show tense, number, or comparison without making a new word.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["morphology","grammar"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-word-structure-homograph","clue":"A word sharing spelling with another but not meaning","answer":"HOMOGRAPH","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A homograph is a word spelled like another word but having a different meaning.","explanation":"HOMOGRAPH fits because pairs such as lead can look identical yet carry different meanings.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Sharing spelling while differing in meaning defines this term.","hint":"The written forms match, while pronunciation or meaning may differ.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["vocabulary","spelling"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-word-structure-syllable","clue":"A spoken beat within a word","answer":"SYLLABLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A syllable is a unit of spoken language organized around one vowel sound.","explanation":"SYLLABLE fits because dividing a word into beats helps readers pronounce it.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Spoken beat describes a sound unit.","hint":"Clap once for each of these sound units.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["phonics","word structure"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-word-structure-acronym","clue":"A pronounceable word made from initial letters","answer":"ACRONYM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An acronym is a word formed from the initial letters of several words.","explanation":"ACRONYM fits because NASA, for example, compresses a longer name into one spoken word.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Initial letters that form a pronounceable word identify the term.","hint":"Its letters come from a longer name or phrase.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["vocabulary","abbreviation"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"word-structure","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-academic-synthesis","clue":"Combining ideas from several sources into a whole","answer":"SYNTHESIS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Synthesis combines parts or findings to form a connected conclusion.","explanation":"SYNTHESIS fits because a researcher connects evidence from multiple texts into one interpretation.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Combining several sources signals an academic thinking process.","hint":"Bring separate findings together to make one supported understanding.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["research","writing"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-academic-claim","clue":"A position a writer supports with reasons","answer":"CLAIM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A claim is an arguable statement supported by reasons and evidence.","explanation":"CLAIM fits because argumentative writing develops a position rather than merely naming a topic.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"A supportable position is the core of an argument.","hint":"It is the central point an argument asks readers to accept.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["argument","writing"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-academic-qualify","clue":"To limit a statement so it is more accurate","answer":"QUALIFY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To qualify a statement is to add limits or conditions to its meaning.","explanation":"QUALIFY fits because a writer can narrow a broad claim to match the evidence.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Limit and accuracy describe a careful academic verb.","hint":"Words such as usually or under certain conditions can do this.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["argument","precision"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-academic-interpret","clue":"To explain the meaning of evidence or a text","answer":"INTERPRET","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To interpret is to explain meaning drawn from information or a text.","explanation":"INTERPRET fits because readers use details to develop a reasoned understanding.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Explain meaning identifies an analytical reading verb.","hint":"Move from what the source says to what it suggests.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","analysis"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-academic-coherent","clue":"Logical and easy to follow as a whole","answer":"COHERENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Coherent writing has ideas that connect in a clear, logical way.","explanation":"COHERENT fits because organization and transitions help ideas form an understandable whole.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Logical and easy to follow describe an academic quality.","hint":"Each part connects sensibly to the next part.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","organization"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"academic-language","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-science-homeostasis","clue":"Keeping internal conditions within a stable range","answer":"HOMEOSTASIS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Homeostasis is regulation that keeps an organism's internal environment stable.","explanation":"HOMEOSTASIS fits because organisms regulate factors such as temperature and water balance.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Stable internal conditions define a life-science process.","hint":"A body adjusts when its surroundings change.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","systems"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-science-photosynthesis","clue":"Process plants use to make sugar from light","answer":"PHOTOSYNTHESIS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Photosynthesis uses light energy to make chemical energy in plant cells.","explanation":"PHOTOSYNTHESIS fits because it converts light energy into stored chemical energy.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Plants making sugar with light identifies the process.","hint":"Leaves capture light energy and use carbon dioxide and water.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","energy"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-science-catalyst","clue":"A substance that speeds a reaction without being used up","answer":"CATALYST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A catalyst increases reaction rate without being consumed by the reaction.","explanation":"CATALYST fits because it lowers the energy barrier while remaining chemically available.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Speeds a reaction without being used up is a precise chemistry definition.","hint":"It changes the reaction's pathway but remains available afterward.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","reactions"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-science-density","clue":"How much mass occupies a given volume","answer":"DENSITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Density is the amount of mass in a given volume, calculated as mass divided by volume.","explanation":"DENSITY fits because dividing mass by volume lets scientists compare materials.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Mass per volume is the measurement's defining relationship.","hint":"Compare equal-sized samples by how much matter they contain.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","measurement"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-science-tectonic","clue":"Relating to the movement of Earth's large plates","answer":"TECTONIC","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Tectonic describes Earth's crustal plates and their movements.","explanation":"TECTONIC fits because plate movement shapes mountains, trenches, and earthquakes.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Earth plates identify this geology adjective.","hint":"Think of the crust as sections that slowly shift.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","geology"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"science-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-language-arts-allusion","clue":"An indirect reference to a known text or event","answer":"ALLUSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An allusion is an indirect reference to a familiar person, text, or event.","explanation":"ALLUSION fits because a few words can evoke a larger shared story or history.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Indirect reference to something known names this literary device.","hint":"The writer expects readers to recognize a brief outside reference.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["literature","rhetoric"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-language-arts-personification","clue":"Giving a nonhuman thing human qualities","answer":"PERSONIFICATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Personification describes a nonhuman subject with human traits or actions.","explanation":"PERSONIFICATION fits because the figurative description makes an object or idea seem human.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Human qualities assigned to something nonhuman identify the device.","hint":"A storm might whisper, argue, or dance in this device.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["figurative language","literature"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-language-arts-protagonist","clue":"The central character whose goal drives a story","answer":"PROTAGONIST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A protagonist is the central character in a narrative.","explanation":"PROTAGONIST fits because the story's main action commonly follows this character's choices.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Central character and main conflict identify a narrative role.","hint":"This character usually faces the main conflict.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["narrative","character"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-language-arts-setting","clue":"The time and place in which a story occurs","answer":"SETTING","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Setting is the time and place that frame a narrative.","explanation":"SETTING fits because it establishes the environment in which characters act.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Time and place directly define this story element.","hint":"Ask when and where the events happen.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["narrative","story elements"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-language-arts-dialogue","clue":"Spoken exchange between characters","answer":"DIALOGUE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Dialogue is conversation presented between two or more speakers.","explanation":"DIALOGUE fits because characters reveal ideas and relationships through conversation.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Spoken exchange between characters identifies a narrative feature.","hint":"Quotation marks often enclose this part of a story.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["narrative","conversation"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"language-arts","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-precision-revision-concise","clue":"Expressing an idea clearly in few words","answer":"CONCISE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Concise writing communicates its meaning without unnecessary words.","explanation":"CONCISE fits because editing can shorten a sentence without weakening its message.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Clear meaning in few words describes a revision goal.","hint":"Remove repetition while keeping the important meaning.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["revision","style"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-precision-revision-cohesion","clue":"The quality that makes parts of writing stick together","answer":"COHESION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Cohesion is the linking of sentences and ideas into a connected text.","explanation":"COHESION fits because transitions and reference words help readers track connections.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Parts sticking together names a writing quality.","hint":"Transitions and repeated key terms can create this connection.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["revision","organization"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-precision-revision-clarify","clue":"To make an idea easier to understand","answer":"CLARIFY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"To clarify is to make meaning more understandable or definite.","explanation":"CLARIFY fits because revision can remove ambiguity and guide the reader.","partOfSpeech":"verb","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Easier to understand identifies an editing action.","hint":"Replace vague wording or add a needed detail.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["revision","clarity"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-precision-revision-relevance","clue":"A detail's direct connection to the topic","answer":"RELEVANCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Relevance is the quality of being connected to the subject or purpose.","explanation":"RELEVANCE fits because strong revision removes details that do not serve the purpose.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Direct connection to the topic names a selection criterion.","hint":"Ask whether the information helps answer the guiding question.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["revision","evidence"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-precision-revision-transition","clue":"A word or phrase that links ideas smoothly","answer":"TRANSITION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A transition connects ideas and shows their relationship.","explanation":"TRANSITION fits because linking language helps readers follow changes and reasoning.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Linking ideas smoothly describes a writing device.","hint":"However, therefore, and meanwhile can perform this job.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["revision","organization"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"precision-and-revision","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-integer","clue":"A whole number, including its negative and zero forms","answer":"INTEGER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An integer is a whole number and may be positive, negative, or zero.","explanation":"INTEGER fits because the clue describes the set of whole numbers that includes negative values and zero but excludes fractional parts.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Whole number with signs defines this number set.","hint":"It has no fractional part.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["numbers","algebra"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-fraction","clue":"A number that names part of a whole","answer":"FRACTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A fraction represents a quantity as one integer divided by another nonzero integer.","explanation":"FRACTION fits because 3/4 names three equal parts out of four.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Part of a whole points to a number representation.","hint":"It uses a numerator above a denominator.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["numbers","representation"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-decimal","clue":"A base-ten number written with a point","answer":"DECIMAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A decimal represents a number using powers of ten and a decimal point.","explanation":"DECIMAL fits because 0.25 expresses twenty-five hundredths.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Base ten and a point identify the notation.","hint":"Digits to the right of the point show smaller place values.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["numbers","place value"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-percent","clue":"A rate stated for every one hundred","answer":"PERCENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A percent expresses a ratio out of one hundred.","explanation":"PERCENT fits because the clue defines a rate out of one hundred, so 25 percent represents 25 parts for every 100.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Every one hundred is the key rate phrase.","hint":"The symbol for it looks like two small circles and a slash.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ratios","numbers"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-ratio","clue":"A comparison of two quantities by division","answer":"RATIO","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A ratio compares two quantities using division.","explanation":"RATIO fits because 2:3 compares two amounts without requiring equal units.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Comparison by division gives the mathematical meaning.","hint":"A colon or fraction bar can show this comparison.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["proportional reasoning","numbers"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-proportion","clue":"An equation stating that two ratios are equal","answer":"PROPORTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A proportion is an equation asserting equality between two ratios.","explanation":"PROPORTION fits because 2/3 = 4/6 states the same comparison twice.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Equal ratios describe a relationship used in scaling.","hint":"Set two equivalent comparisons on opposite sides of an equals sign.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ratios","equations"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-equation","clue":"A mathematical statement that two expressions are equal","answer":"EQUATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An equation states that two mathematical expressions have the same value.","explanation":"EQUATION fits because both sides of 3+2=5 represent the same amount.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Two expressions with equal value define the statement.","hint":"It uses an equals sign to assert balance.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","symbols"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-exponent","clue":"A small number showing repeated multiplication","answer":"EXPONENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An exponent indicates how many times a base is used as a factor.","explanation":"EXPONENT fits because 2 to the third power means three factors of 2.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Repeated multiplication is encoded by this small number.","hint":"It is often written above and to the right of a base.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","powers"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-coefficient","clue":"A number multiplying a variable in an algebraic term","answer":"COEFFICIENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A coefficient is a numerical factor multiplied by a variable or expression.","explanation":"COEFFICIENT fits because 4 is the coefficient of x in 4x.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Number multiplying a variable identifies the algebraic part.","hint":"In 4x, this number stands beside the letter.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","expressions"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-coordinate","clue":"A number or ordered pair locating a point","answer":"COORDINATE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A coordinate identifies a position relative to an origin or reference system.","explanation":"COORDINATE fits because (2,4) specifies horizontal and vertical position.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Locating a point on a grid is the spatial use.","hint":"Use it to tell where a point sits on a grid.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","graphing"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-function","clue":"A rule assigning exactly one output to each input","answer":"FUNCTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A function pairs every input in its domain with exactly one output.","explanation":"FUNCTION fits because the rule can be shown by a table, graph, or formula.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"One output for each input is the defining condition.","hint":"Each input must have one determined partner.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","relations"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-angle","clue":"A figure formed by two rays sharing an endpoint","answer":"ANGLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An angle is formed by two rays with a common endpoint.","explanation":"ANGLE fits because the rays create an opening measured in degrees.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Two rays and one endpoint define the geometric figure.","hint":"The shared point is called its vertex.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","measurement"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-perimeter","clue":"The total distance around a two-dimensional figure","answer":"PERIMETER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Perimeter is the sum of the lengths around a plane figure.","explanation":"PERIMETER fits because walking around a rectangle traces its boundary length.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Distance around identifies the measurement.","hint":"Add the lengths of every outside edge.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","measurement"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-area","clue":"The amount of surface inside a plane figure","answer":"AREA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Area measures the two-dimensional space enclosed by a figure.","explanation":"AREA fits because a rectangle's length times width counts its square units.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Surface inside a figure identifies the measurement.","hint":"It is measured in square units, not ordinary units.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","measurement"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-volume","clue":"The amount of three-dimensional space an object occupies","answer":"VOLUME","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Volume measures the space contained by a three-dimensional object.","explanation":"VOLUME fits because a box's length times width times height gives cubic units.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Three-dimensional space is the measurement's focus.","hint":"Cubic units measure this property.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","measurement"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-mean","clue":"The average found by adding values and dividing by their count","answer":"MEAN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The mean is the sum of data values divided by the number of values.","explanation":"MEAN fits because it describes the equal-share center of a data set.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Adding and dividing by the count gives the statistic.","hint":"Total the data, then share it equally among the entries.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","data"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-median","clue":"The middle value when ordered data are arranged","answer":"MEDIAN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The median is the middle ordered value, or the middle pair's average.","explanation":"MEDIAN fits because it marks the central position and resists extreme values.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Ordered data and a center point define this statistic.","hint":"Put the values in order before selecting the center.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","data"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-mode","clue":"The value appearing most often in a data set","answer":"MODE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The mode is the data value with the greatest frequency.","explanation":"MODE fits because it identifies the value with the most occurrences.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Appearing most often directly describes the statistic.","hint":"Count repetitions to find this commonest value.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","data"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-probability","clue":"A measure of how likely an event is","answer":"PROBABILITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Probability measures the chance that an event will occur.","explanation":"PROBABILITY fits because favorable outcomes compared with all outcomes quantify chance.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Likelihood is the central idea of this measure.","hint":"It ranges from impossible to certain.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","chance"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-math-inequality","clue":"A statement comparing values that need not be equal","answer":"INEQUALITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An inequality compares quantities using an order relationship.","explanation":"INEQUALITY fits because x greater than 2 describes a range of possible values.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Comparison without required equality identifies the algebraic statement.","hint":"Its symbols include less than and greater than.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","comparison"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"mathematics-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-democracy","clue":"Government in which people exercise political power","answer":"DEMOCRACY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Democracy is government in which authority ultimately comes from the people.","explanation":"DEMOCRACY fits because citizens participate in choosing leaders or deciding policies.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"People exercising political power defines this civic system.","hint":"Citizens may vote directly or choose representatives.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","government"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-republic","clue":"A government where citizens elect representatives","answer":"REPUBLIC","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A republic is a state in which people govern through elected representatives.","explanation":"REPUBLIC fits because voters select officials to make public decisions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Elected representatives distinguish this form of government.","hint":"Public authority is exercised through chosen officials.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","government"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-citizen","clue":"A legally recognized member of a political community","answer":"CITIZEN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A citizen is a recognized member of a state with associated rights and duties.","explanation":"CITIZEN fits because membership connects a person to public rights and responsibilities.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Legal membership in a state identifies this civic noun.","hint":"Membership brings rights and civic responsibilities.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","identity"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-constitution","clue":"A foundational document organizing a government","answer":"CONSTITUTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A constitution establishes the framework and limits of a government.","explanation":"CONSTITUTION fits because it provides rules for public institutions and authority.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Foundational organization and limits describe this civic text.","hint":"It sets powers, structures, and often protected rights.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","law"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-amendment","clue":"A formal change added to a governing document","answer":"AMENDMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An amendment is an official change or addition to a constitution or law.","explanation":"AMENDMENT fits because constitutional systems can update their rules through defined procedures.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Formal change to a governing document names the term.","hint":"It revises or adds to a constitution through an established process.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","law"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-federalism","clue":"A system dividing authority between national and regional governments","answer":"FEDERALISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Federalism distributes governing power between a central authority and regional units.","explanation":"FEDERALISM fits because each level has powers defined by law or constitution.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Shared levels of government identify this structure.","hint":"Power is shared rather than held entirely at one level.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","government"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-judicial","clue":"Relating to courts and the interpretation of law","answer":"JUDICIAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Judicial describes the court system and its role in applying law.","explanation":"JUDICIAL fits because judges and courts perform this governmental function.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Courts and legal interpretation identify the branch.","hint":"This branch resolves legal cases and questions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","branches"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-legislative","clue":"Relating to the branch that makes laws","answer":"LEGISLATIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Legislative describes the lawmaking branch of government.","explanation":"LEGISLATIVE fits because legislatures debate, write, and pass laws.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Making laws identifies the governmental branch.","hint":"Elected lawmakers debate and vote in this branch.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","branches"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-executive","clue":"Relating to the branch that carries out laws","answer":"EXECUTIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Executive describes the branch responsible for enforcing and administering laws.","explanation":"EXECUTIVE fits because executive officials implement laws passed by a legislature.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Carrying out laws identifies the branch's role.","hint":"This branch administers policy and directs public agencies.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","branches"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-migration","clue":"Movement of people from one place to another","answer":"MIGRATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Migration is the movement of people or groups between places.","explanation":"MIGRATION fits because people may relocate for work, safety, family, or other reasons.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Movement between places is the geographic process.","hint":"The move may be temporary or permanent and may cross borders.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","history"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-culture","clue":"A group's shared practices, beliefs, and creations","answer":"CULTURE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Culture is the learned practices, ideas, and products shared by a group.","explanation":"CULTURE fits because groups pass ways of living and meaning-making across generations.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Shared practices and beliefs identify the social concept.","hint":"Language, customs, art, and values can all belong to it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["society","anthropology"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-economy","clue":"A system for producing, distributing, and using goods and services","answer":"ECONOMY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An economy is the organized system through which a society manages resources and exchange.","explanation":"ECONOMY fits because households, businesses, and governments make resource choices within it.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Production, distribution, and use define the system.","hint":"It includes work, trade, resources, and consumption.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","society"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-taxation","clue":"The government process of collecting required payments","answer":"TAXATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Taxation is the collection of required payments to fund government activity.","explanation":"TAXATION fits because governments collect revenue under laws that specify rates and bases.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Required public payments identify the fiscal process.","hint":"The revenue can fund public services and programs.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","civics"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-trade","clue":"The exchange of goods or services","answer":"TRADE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Trade is the exchange of goods or services between people or groups.","explanation":"TRADE fits because exchange lets communities obtain resources they do not produce.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Exchange of goods and services gives the economic meaning.","hint":"People or regions can buy, sell, or swap through it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","geography"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-primary","clue":"Created by a participant or from the time being studied","answer":"PRIMARY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Primary describes a source created during an event or by a direct witness or participant.","explanation":"PRIMARY fits because the source supplies firsthand evidence rather than later commentary.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Direct connection to the time or event identifies source type.","hint":"A diary, photograph, or original law may serve this role.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["history","sources"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-secondary","clue":"A source that analyzes or explains an earlier source or event","answer":"SECONDARY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Secondary describes an interpretation produced after examining primary evidence.","explanation":"SECONDARY fits because the author synthesizes or comments on firsthand materials.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Later analysis of earlier evidence defines this source type.","hint":"A textbook or later historian's account often has this role.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["history","sources"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-artifact","clue":"An object made or used by people in the past","answer":"ARTIFACT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An artifact is a human-made object that can provide historical evidence.","explanation":"ARTIFACT fits because tools, pottery, and clothing can reveal how people lived.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Human-made object from the past identifies this evidence.","hint":"Archaeologists study these physical clues to human activity.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["history","archaeology"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-timeline","clue":"A visual arrangement of events in chronological order","answer":"TIMELINE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A timeline displays events according to when they occurred.","explanation":"TIMELINE fits because it helps historians see sequence and relationships among events.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Chronological arrangement is the organizing principle.","hint":"Read it from earlier dates toward later dates.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["history","chronology"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-geography","clue":"The study of places, environments, and spatial relationships","answer":"GEOGRAPHY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Geography studies Earth's places, environments, and connections among them.","explanation":"GEOGRAPHY fits because it examines how people and environments are arranged and connected.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Places and spatial relationships define the field.","hint":"Maps and patterns across Earth's surface are central to it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","social science"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"070-social-civics","clue":"The study of citizens, government, and public participation","answer":"CIVICS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Civics is the study of government and people's roles in public life.","explanation":"CIVICS fits because it examines how people participate in and shape their communities.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Citizens and government identify the field of study.","hint":"Voting, rights, responsibilities, and institutions belong to this subject.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","government"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"social-studies","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/","sourceLicense":"license-unconfirmed-reference","requiredAttribution":"None","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-password-credential-phrase","clue":"Private string used to prove that an account belongs to you","answer":"PASSWORD","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A confidential sequence of characters used with an account name to verify a user's identity.","explanation":"A password is the private string paired with an account name to demonstrate that the person signing in is authorized to use that account.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a private sign-in credential that confirms account ownership during access.","hint":"Think of a secret sign-in detail you should never share.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","account-security","identity"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"account-security","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-encryption-scrambled-message","clue":"Process that turns readable data into protected coded form","answer":"ENCRYPTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The conversion of readable information into coded data that requires an authorized method to restore it.","explanation":"Encryption changes readable data into coded data so that only someone with the authorized key or method can restore and read the original information.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording contrasts ordinary readable data with a protected coded form that needs authorization to interpret.","hint":"It keeps a message unreadable to people without the right key.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","privacy","secure-communication"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"data-privacy","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-browser-web-page-viewer","clue":"App that retrieves and displays pages from the web","answer":"BROWSER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A software application that requests, interprets, and displays information from websites and other web resources.","explanation":"A browser is the application that contacts web servers and renders their pages, allowing a person to read sites and move among online resources.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function","signal":"Retrieving and displaying web pages describes the everyday job of a web-viewing application.","hint":"You use one to open sites, tabs, and online articles.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","web","navigation"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"web-navigation","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-database-organized-records","clue":"Organized collection designed for storing and finding records","answer":"DATABASE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An organized collection of related data that can be stored, searched, updated, and managed electronically.","explanation":"A database stores related records in an organized structure, making it practical to search for, update, and manage specific pieces of information.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The terms organized, records, storing, and finding identify a structured system for managing related information.","hint":"Think of a structured digital system for searchable information.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","data","information-systems"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"information-systems","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-hyperlink-clickable-jump","clue":"Clickable text or image that opens another online location","answer":"HYPERLINK","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A selectable connection in digital content that leads a user to another document, page, file, or location.","explanation":"A hyperlink is the selectable text or image that connects digital content to another destination, such as a page, file, or heading in a document.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function","signal":"The key signal is a selectable connection that transports a reader from one online location to another.","hint":"Selecting it can take you to a different page or section.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","web","navigation"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"web-navigation","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-software-program-instructions","clue":"Programs and instructions that tell a device what to do","answer":"SOFTWARE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Programs, procedures, and related instructions that direct a computer or other digital device to perform tasks.","explanation":"Software consists of programs and instructions that guide a digital device's actions, which is why the clue emphasizes telling a device what to do.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue describes nonphysical instructions that direct a device, distinguishing them from its tangible components.","hint":"Unlike a keyboard or screen, this part of computing is not physical.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","computer-systems","programs"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"computer-systems","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-hardware-physical-components","clue":"Physical parts of a computer that you can touch","answer":"HARDWARE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The physical, tangible components of a computer system and its connected devices.","explanation":"Hardware means the tangible parts of a computer system, so a monitor, mouse, processor, and cables fit the clue's focus on touchable components.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase physical parts that can be touched separates tangible equipment from programs and data.","hint":"Think of tangible device pieces such as a monitor or mouse.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","computer-systems","devices"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"computer-systems","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-phishing-deceptive-message","clue":"Deceptive message that tries to steal personal account information","answer":"PHISHING","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A fraudulent communication designed to trick people into revealing sensitive information or visiting an unsafe destination.","explanation":"Phishing is a scam that uses deceptive messages to obtain sensitive information; the clue highlights the warning sign so students can avoid responding or clicking.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"safety-scenario","signal":"A deceptive message seeking personal account information is the central warning sign of this online scam.","hint":"Treat unexpected requests for sign-in details with caution.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","online-safety","scam-awareness"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"online-safety","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-malware-harmful-program","clue":"Harmful program that can disrupt a device or expose data","answer":"MALWARE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Software intentionally designed to damage, disrupt, spy on, or gain unauthorized access to a device or data.","explanation":"Malware is software made to harm systems or compromise data. The clue names its possible effects to reinforce safe habits such as avoiding unknown downloads.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"safety-scenario","signal":"The signal combines a harmful program with device disruption and exposed data, all common consequences of malicious software.","hint":"Avoid unknown downloads and ask a trusted adult for help if concerned.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","online-safety","device-protection"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"online-safety","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"digital-literacy-firewall-traffic-guard","clue":"Security barrier that filters network traffic using set rules","answer":"FIREWALL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A hardware or software security control that monitors and filters network traffic according to defined rules.","explanation":"A firewall applies rules to network traffic, allowing permitted connections and blocking unwanted ones; this safety role is exactly the barrier described in the clue.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function","signal":"Filtering network traffic by rules describes a protective boundary that decides which connections may pass.","hint":"It helps a network allow trusted connections and block unwanted ones.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","network-safety","security"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"digital-literacy","subject":"digital-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"network-safety","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-source-information-origin","clue":"Person, publication, or place where information begins","answer":"SOURCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The person, organization, document, publication, or location from which information originates.","explanation":"A source is where information comes from, whether that is a person, publication, organization, or document; identifying it is the first step in evaluating a claim.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks where information begins, directing attention to the origin behind a claim or report.","hint":"Ask who created a claim before deciding whether to trust it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","source-evaluation","research"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"source-evaluation","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-bias-one-sided-slant","clue":"Tendency that favors one viewpoint over fair balance","answer":"BIAS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A preference or inclination that can shape how information, people, or viewpoints are selected and presented.","explanation":"Bias is a tendency toward a particular viewpoint. The clue's focus on favoring one side explains why readers should notice what evidence or perspectives may be missing.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Favoring one viewpoint instead of providing fair balance points to a slant in selection or presentation.","hint":"Look for uneven treatment of people, ideas, or evidence.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","source-evaluation","fairness"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"source-evaluation","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-audience-intended-recipients","clue":"Group a message is designed to reach or influence","answer":"AUDIENCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The intended group of readers, viewers, listeners, or users for whom a message is created.","explanation":"An audience is the group a message targets. The clue emphasizes design and influence because creators often choose language, images, and platforms for those intended recipients.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Designed to reach or influence a group points to the people a creator expects to receive the message.","hint":"Consider which people a creator expects will receive the message.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","message-analysis","communication"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"message-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-framing-angle-interpretation","clue":"Choice of angle that guides how an issue is understood","answer":"FRAMING","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The presentation of information through a selected angle, context, or emphasis that influences interpretation.","explanation":"Framing is the selection of an angle, context, or emphasis for information. The clue describes how those choices guide an audience toward a particular understanding of an issue.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"A chosen angle that guides understanding identifies the way presentation can shape interpretation without changing every fact.","hint":"Notice which details are emphasized and which are left outside the view.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","message-analysis","interpretation"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"reference:common-knowledge","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"message-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-propaganda-strategic-persuasion","clue":"Material created to promote a cause through strategic influence","answer":"PROPAGANDA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Information or material used to promote a cause or viewpoint, often through selective or emotionally charged persuasion.","explanation":"Propaganda is material designed to advance a cause or viewpoint. The clue emphasizes strategic influence because it may rely on selective information or emotional appeals to shape opinion.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Promoting a cause through strategic influence signals organized persuasive material rather than neutral reporting.","hint":"Examine whether strong emotional appeals support a larger cause or agenda.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","persuasion-analysis","civic-literacy"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"persuasion-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-credibility-trustworthy-belief","clue":"Quality of being believable because evidence and expertise support it","answer":"CREDIBILITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The quality of being trusted or believed because a person, source, or claim appears reliable and well supported.","explanation":"Credibility is the quality that makes a source or claim worthy of belief. The clue links it to evidence and expertise because those features help readers judge reliability.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Believability supported by evidence and expertise describes the trustworthiness readers assess in a source or claim.","hint":"Check an author's qualifications, evidence, and track record.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","source-evaluation","evidence"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"source-evaluation","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-persuasion-change-view","clue":"Communication meant to move people toward a belief or action","answer":"PERSUASION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The act of influencing another person's beliefs, attitudes, decisions, or actions through communication.","explanation":"Persuasion is communication intended to influence beliefs or actions. The clue directly describes that goal: moving an audience toward a chosen view or behavior.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Trying to move people toward a belief or action is the defining purpose of influential communication.","hint":"Look for a message that tries to change what people think or do.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","persuasion-analysis","communication"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"persuasion-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-headline-story-title","clue":"Short prominent title meant to summarize and attract readers","answer":"HEADLINE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A prominent title or caption that introduces a news story, article, or other item of media content.","explanation":"A headline is the prominent short title for a story. The clue mentions both summary and attraction because it signals the topic while also encouraging people to read further.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"A short, prominent title above a story is the usual label that gives readers their first impression of a news item.","hint":"It usually appears above a news story and may shape first impressions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","news-literacy","message-analysis"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"message-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-satire-humorous-critique","clue":"Humorous imitation used to criticize people or social problems","answer":"SATIRE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A form of expression that uses humor, irony, exaggeration, or imitation to criticize people, ideas, or society.","explanation":"Satire uses humor, irony, or exaggeration to criticize a target. The clue connects imitation and social criticism because both are common techniques for delivering its underlying point.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Humorous imitation paired with criticism identifies a genre that uses comedy and exaggeration to make a pointed observation.","hint":"Its jokes or exaggeration often carry a serious point underneath.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","genre-analysis","humor"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"genre-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"media-literacy-advertisement-paid-promotion","clue":"Paid message that promotes a product, service, or idea","answer":"ADVERTISEMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A paid public message intended to promote or sell a product, service, organization, event, or idea.","explanation":"An advertisement is a paid promotional message. The clue names products, services, and ideas because advertising can encourage interest or action across all of those categories.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"A paid message that promotes something identifies commercial communication designed to attract attention or influence choices.","hint":"It is created to encourage attention, interest, or a purchase.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["curriculum","commercial-media","persuasion"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"media-literacy","subject":"media-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"Princeton-WordNet-reference-only","requiredAttribution":"Princeton WordNet used as a reference marker only.","contentVersion":1,"subskill":"commercial-media-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-budget-spending-plan","clue":"A monthly plan that assigns available money to needs, wants, and goals.","answer":"BUDGET","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A plan that estimates income and directs money toward expenses, saving, and other priorities.","explanation":"This term fits because it names a forward-looking money plan. Students can compare expected earnings with likely costs and decide what amount to reserve for each category before spending.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording points to planning ahead and dividing limited money among several purposes.","hint":"Think of the plan you make before deciding how to use your money.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["money-management","planning"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-income-money-received","clue":"Money received from work, a business, or another regular source.","answer":"INCOME","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Money that a person, household, or organization receives during a stated period.","explanation":"The answer is the general name for funds coming in. A paycheck is one example, but the concept can also include earnings from a small business or another source.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase received from work distinguishes money entering a situation from money being paid out.","hint":"It is the money coming in, before you decide where it will go.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["money-management","earnings"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-expense-money-paid","clue":"A payment for something a person, household, or business uses.","answer":"EXPENSE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An amount of money spent or a cost incurred in obtaining goods, services, or operations.","explanation":"This is correct because it labels a cost that must be paid. Rent, transportation, and supplies can each be recorded as this kind of item in a money plan.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"A payment for something used describes an outflow, the opposite direction from earnings.","hint":"Look for the word for money going out to cover a cost.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["money-management","costs"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-savings-money-set-aside","clue":"Money deliberately kept for a later purpose instead of used now.","answer":"SAVINGS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Money set aside from current use for future needs, goals, or emergencies.","explanation":"The answer fits because it refers to putting some money aside. Keeping a reserve can help prepare for a planned purchase or an unexpected need without making a specific financial recommendation.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The contrast between later and now identifies funds reserved rather than immediately spent.","hint":"It describes funds you reserve today for a future need or goal.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["money-management","goals"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-interest-price-of-money","clue":"An amount charged or earned because money is borrowed or deposited over time.","answer":"INTEREST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A charge paid by a borrower or an amount earned by a saver, usually stated as a rate.","explanation":"This term applies in both lending and saving situations. It can add to what a borrower repays, or it can be credited to money held in an account, depending on the arrangement.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Borrowed or deposited money over time signals the added amount connected to the use of funds.","hint":"This can be the price of using someone else's money for a while.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["borrowing","saving"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-principal-original-balance","clue":"The original sum borrowed or invested, before added charges or earnings.","answer":"PRINCIPAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The original amount of money in a loan or investment, excluding accumulated interest.","explanation":"The answer names the starting balance. In a loan, payments may reduce this amount while interest is calculated separately; in an investment, it is the initial money put to work.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Original sum and before added amounts point to the base figure used in later calculations.","hint":"Focus on the starting amount, not the extra amount that may build over time.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["borrowing","calculation"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-credit-repay-later","clue":"An arrangement that lets someone receive money or goods now and repay later.","answer":"CREDIT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The ability or agreement to obtain money, goods, or services now with repayment due later.","explanation":"This is the right term because it describes access before full payment. The arrangement may involve money directly or the purchase of goods and services with a future obligation.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Receive now and repay later describes a delayed-payment arrangement built on expected repayment.","hint":"It involves trust that a future payment will be made.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["borrowing","payment"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-debt-amount-owed","clue":"Money or value that one party is obligated to repay to another.","answer":"DEBT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An obligation to repay money or another agreed value to a lender or other party.","explanation":"The answer identifies the unpaid obligation itself. It can result from borrowing, buying with delayed payment, or another arrangement in which repayment is required.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Obligated to repay directs attention to what is owed rather than the agreement that provided it.","hint":"This is the obligation left after receiving money or value to be repaid.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["borrowing","obligation"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-loan-borrowed-funds","clue":"Funds provided under an agreement that they will be paid back later.","answer":"LOAN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Money or property given by one party to another with an agreement for later repayment.","explanation":"This word fits the transaction in which funds are supplied with repayment terms. It differs from the unpaid balance, which is the obligation that remains after receiving the funds.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Provided under an agreement for later repayment identifies the transaction that creates an obligation.","hint":"Think of the money supplied at the beginning of a borrowing arrangement.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["borrowing","agreements"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-tax-public-services","clue":"A required payment collected by government to help fund public services.","answer":"TAX","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A compulsory payment imposed by a government to raise revenue for public purposes.","explanation":"The answer is a general civic and financial term for a mandatory government charge. Collected funds can support shared public functions, with rules varying by jurisdiction and type of payment.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Required payment and public services distinguish a government levy from a voluntary purchase.","hint":"It is a compulsory payment connected with government services and programs.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","public-finance"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-inflation-rising-prices","clue":"A broad rise in prices that can reduce what each unit of money buys.","answer":"INFLATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A sustained increase in the overall price level that lowers the purchasing power of money.","explanation":"This concept fits because it concerns overall price levels, not just a single store or item. When prices rise broadly, a fixed amount of money may obtain fewer goods or services.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Broad rise and reduced buying power describe an economy-wide price pattern rather than one product becoming costly.","hint":"Think about a general pattern where the same amount purchases fewer items.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","purchasing-power"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-investment-future-return","clue":"Money or resources committed with the expectation of a future return or benefit.","answer":"INVESTMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The commitment of money, time, or resources in expectation of future income, growth, or benefit.","explanation":"The answer covers a resource commitment intended to produce a later benefit. Outcomes can vary, so the clue teaches the general concept without suggesting a personal financial choice.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Committed now for a future return signals a choice made with an expected later outcome.","hint":"It involves putting resources to work for a possible later result.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","future-value"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-asset-owned-value","clue":"Something owned that has value or could provide a future benefit.","answer":"ASSET","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A resource owned or controlled that has economic value or potential future benefit.","explanation":"This term fits a valuable resource, such as cash, equipment, or property. What matters is that it is controlled and has value, rather than that it represents an amount owed.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Owned value and future benefit identify a resource on the positive side of a balance picture.","hint":"It names a valuable thing an individual or organization controls.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["accounting","resources"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-liability-amount-owed","clue":"A financial obligation that an individual or organization must settle.","answer":"LIABILITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A debt or other present obligation that requires payment or settlement in the future.","explanation":"The answer is an accounting word for an obligation. It includes amounts owed and is commonly considered alongside resources owned when describing an organization’s financial position.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Must settle emphasizes a recorded obligation, especially when contrasted with owned resources.","hint":"In an accounting picture, it is the side representing obligations to others.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["accounting","obligations"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-profit-after-costs","clue":"The amount left when a business brings in more than it spends.","answer":"PROFIT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The financial gain remaining when revenue exceeds the costs of operating or producing.","explanation":"This word names the surplus after costs have been accounted for. It is different from total sales money because it considers what was spent to run the activity or provide the product.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Amount left after spending identifies a positive remainder rather than total money collected.","hint":"It is the positive remainder after the costs are subtracted from money earned.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["business","accounting"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-revenue-sales-received","clue":"Total money a business receives from its usual sales or services before costs are removed.","answer":"REVENUE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The total income generated by a business from normal operations before expenses are deducted.","explanation":"The answer is the money generated through normal business activity before expenses are subtracted. Comparing that incoming total with costs can help explain whether the business has a gain or loss.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Before costs are removed identifies a gross incoming amount instead of the remainder after expenses.","hint":"This is the incoming total from business activity before subtracting operating costs.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["business","accounting"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-cost-resources-used","clue":"The money or resources required to make, buy, or provide something.","answer":"COST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The amount of money, effort, or other resources required to acquire, produce, or maintain something.","explanation":"This term fits the resources needed for an item or activity. A business may track this amount when making a product, while a household may consider it before choosing a purchase.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Required to make or obtain points to the sacrifice or payment associated with a choice.","hint":"It is what must be given up or paid to obtain or produce something.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","decision-making"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-scarcity-limited-resources","clue":"The condition in which limited resources cannot satisfy every possible want.","answer":"SCARCITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The economic condition in which available resources are insufficient to meet all human wants.","explanation":"The answer describes why choices are necessary. Time, labor, land, and materials are finite, while people can imagine many uses for them, so priorities must be set.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Limited resources and every possible want signal the basic economic problem of unavoidable choice.","hint":"It explains why people and communities must make choices among competing wants.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","choice"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-demand-desire-and-ability","clue":"The willingness and ability of buyers to purchase a good or service at a given price.","answer":"DEMAND","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at various prices.","explanation":"This term is more specific than simply wanting something. In market analysis, it concerns how much buyers can and will purchase at particular prices, which may change as conditions change.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Willingness plus ability to purchase identifies the buyer side of a market relationship.","hint":"In economics, wanting an item matters along with being able to buy it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","markets"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"finance-supply-offered-market","clue":"The amount of a good or service that sellers are willing to offer at a given price.","answer":"SUPPLY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The quantity of a good or service that producers are willing and able to offer for sale at various prices.","explanation":"The answer concerns what producers can and will offer for sale. It is paired with buyer interest when classes explore how markets coordinate available goods and services.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Sellers willing to offer identifies the producer side of the market relationship.","hint":"In a market, this describes the seller side rather than the buyer side.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","markets"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"financial-literacy","subject":"financial-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-climate-long-pattern","clue":"The long-term pattern of temperature, precipitation, and other conditions in a region.","answer":"CLIMATE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The long-term average pattern and range of atmospheric conditions in a particular place or region.","explanation":"This is the term for patterns observed over long periods. Scientists describe it with averages and variation in factors such as temperature, rainfall, wind, and seasonal cycles.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Long-term pattern and region distinguish a broad record from conditions on one day.","hint":"Think of patterns measured across many years, not this afternoon's conditions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth-science","patterns"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-weather-current-conditions","clue":"The current atmospheric conditions, such as rain, wind, cloud cover, and temperature.","answer":"WEATHER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, including temperature, wind, and precipitation.","explanation":"The answer fits day-to-day atmospheric conditions. A forecast can describe it for the next few hours or days, while long-running averages belong to a different environmental concept.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Current conditions and short time point to an immediate atmospheric state rather than a long record.","hint":"It describes what the sky and air are doing now or over a short time.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth-science","atmosphere"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-carbon-element-life","clue":"A chemical element found in living things and in a common atmospheric compound.","answer":"CARBON","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A nonmetal chemical element that forms the basis of organic compounds and occurs in many natural materials.","explanation":"The answer is an element with an important role in biological molecules and Earth systems. It moves among air, water, rocks, soils, and living organisms through several natural processes.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Living things and a familiar atmospheric compound point to an element, not to the compound itself.","hint":"This element is a building block of life and appears in several gases and fuels.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","earth-systems"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-emission-release-into-air","clue":"The release of a substance, energy, or radiation from a source into its surroundings.","answer":"EMISSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The act or process of releasing a substance, energy, or radiation from a source into the environment.","explanation":"This word describes the process of sending something outward. It can apply to gases, light, heat, sound, or particles, so the term is broader than any one specific substance.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Release from a source identifies an outward flow rather than a substance already present.","hint":"It refers to something being sent out from a source, often into the air.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["environmental-science","systems"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-renewable-replaced-naturally","clue":"Able to be naturally replenished on a humanly useful timescale.","answer":"RENEWABLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Capable of being replenished naturally at a rate that can support continued use over time.","explanation":"The answer describes a resource category based on renewal. Whether a particular use remains sustainable can still depend on the rate of use and local conditions.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Naturally replenished and useful timescale point to how quickly a resource can be replaced.","hint":"It describes a resource that nature can replace relatively quickly.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["resources","energy"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-conservation-protect-resources","clue":"The careful protection and wise use of natural resources and ecosystems.","answer":"CONSERVATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The protection, management, and careful use of natural resources, species, and ecosystems.","explanation":"This term describes practices that seek to maintain natural systems and resources. It can include protecting habitats, reducing waste, restoring areas, and managing use with future conditions in mind.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Protection joined with wise use signals stewardship rather than leaving every place entirely untouched.","hint":"It focuses on safeguarding nature while using resources thoughtfully.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["stewardship","resources"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-biodiversity-variety-life","clue":"The variety of living organisms, including differences among species, genes, and ecosystems.","answer":"BIODIVERSITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The variety and variability of life at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels.","explanation":"The answer names biological variety at more than one scale. A forest can have many species, genetic variation within each species, and different connected habitats, all contributing to this idea.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Several levels of living variety indicate a scientific term broader than merely counting species.","hint":"Think of the many forms of life in an area, from genes to whole ecosystems.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","life-science"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-habitat-organism-home","clue":"The place and conditions where an organism normally lives and finds what it needs.","answer":"HABITAT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The natural environment in which an organism lives and obtains the resources needed to survive.","explanation":"This term includes more than a location on a map. It combines physical conditions and resources that allow an organism to find food, water, shelter, space, and suitable conditions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"A place providing living needs points to an ecological home rather than a species itself.","hint":"It is an organism's living place, including food, water, shelter, and space.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","organisms"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-pollution-harmful-contamination","clue":"The introduction of harmful substances or forms of energy into air, water, or land.","answer":"POLLUTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The presence or introduction of substances or energy that harms environmental quality or organisms.","explanation":"The answer is the general term for damaging contamination. It can involve chemicals, waste, particles, noise, heat, or light when those additions harm environmental conditions or organisms.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Harmful introduction into air, water, or land identifies environmental contamination across several media.","hint":"It concerns contamination that can damage environmental quality or living things.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["environmental-science","health"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-recycling-make-new-materials","clue":"Collecting and processing used materials so they can become new products or materials.","answer":"RECYCLING","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The collection, sorting, and processing of used materials for conversion into new usable materials or products.","explanation":"This word fits the system that recovers certain discarded materials for further use. Success depends on local collection rules, material quality, sorting, and available processing facilities.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Used materials becoming new products identifies a recovery process rather than simply throwing less away.","hint":"It gives discarded materials another useful turn through collection and processing.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["waste","materials"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-compost-decomposed-organics","clue":"A nutrient-rich material formed when organic scraps decompose under managed conditions.","answer":"COMPOST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Decomposed organic material, often made from food and yard waste, used to improve soil.","explanation":"The answer is the finished material created as certain organic matter decomposes. It can return nutrients and organic matter to soil when produced and used appropriately.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Organic scraps breaking down into a soil amendment identify the product of managed decomposition.","hint":"It is made when food scraps and yard materials break down into a soil-like amendment.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["waste","soil"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-drought-long-water-shortage","clue":"An extended period of unusually low precipitation that creates a water shortage.","answer":"DROUGHT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A prolonged period of abnormally low precipitation that results in water shortages.","explanation":"This term describes a sustained lack of expected precipitation and available water. Its effects can differ by region and may influence agriculture, ecosystems, water supplies, and wildfire conditions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Extended low precipitation with a shortage separates a long hydrologic condition from ordinary sunny weather.","hint":"It is more than a dry day; it is a prolonged lack of expected moisture.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["water","climate"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-erosion-moving-soil","clue":"The wearing away and movement of rock or soil by water, wind, ice, or gravity.","answer":"EROSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The process by which rock or soil is worn away and transported by natural agents such as water or wind.","explanation":"The answer includes both removal and transport of Earth material. Flowing water, wind, ice, and gravity can move sediment from one place and eventually deposit it somewhere else.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Wearing away plus movement identifies transport, which is the key distinction from simple breakdown.","hint":"It involves Earth material being carried away, not merely broken into smaller pieces.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth-science","landforms"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-watershed-drains-together","clue":"An area of land where precipitation and runoff drain to the same stream, lake, or other outlet.","answer":"WATERSHED","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A land area that collects precipitation and drains it to a common body of water or outlet.","explanation":"The answer identifies the land area connected by water flow to a shared outlet. Its boundaries often follow higher ground, and actions upstream can influence water conditions farther downstream.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Land draining to one outlet points to a geographic drainage area rather than the waterway itself.","hint":"Trace rainwater downhill: the land area feeding one common outlet has this name.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["water","geography"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-aquifer-underground-water","clue":"An underground layer of permeable rock or sediment that stores and transmits groundwater.","answer":"AQUIFER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A body of permeable rock, sediment, or soil that contains and can yield groundwater.","explanation":"This term describes a subsurface formation with connected spaces that hold and transmit water. Wells may draw from such formations, whose recharge and quality depend on local geology and conditions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Underground permeable layer and groundwater identify a geologic storage-and-flow formation.","hint":"It is a below-ground formation through which water can be stored and move.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["water","geology"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-deforestation-forest-clearing","clue":"The large-scale clearing or conversion of forested land to another use.","answer":"DEFORESTATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The extensive removal of forest cover, commonly resulting in conversion of land to nonforest uses.","explanation":"The answer refers to extensive loss of forest cover. Such change can alter habitat, soil, water movement, and local conditions; the effects depend on the place, scale, and subsequent land use.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Large-scale clearing and land conversion distinguish this process from pruning or a single fallen tree.","hint":"It describes removing forest cover across a broad area, often changing the land's use.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["land-use","forests"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-sustainability-meet-needs","clue":"Meeting present needs while maintaining the conditions and resources future generations will need.","answer":"SUSTAINABILITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The capacity to meet current needs while preserving environmental, social, and economic conditions for the future.","explanation":"This term evaluates whether a practice can endure over time. It requires considering how current choices affect resources, ecosystems, communities, and opportunities available to later generations.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Present needs paired with future conditions signals a long-term balance among continuing needs.","hint":"It asks whether today's choices can continue without undermining tomorrow's options.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["systems-thinking","stewardship"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-geothermal-earth-heat","clue":"Relating to heat from within Earth that can be used for heating or generating electricity.","answer":"GEOTHERMAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Relating to the natural heat stored within Earth, especially when used as an energy source.","explanation":"The answer describes energy associated with Earth’s internal heat. In suitable locations, hot water, steam, or ground temperatures can be used in systems for heating or electricity generation.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Heat from within Earth identifies an underground thermal source rather than sunlight or moving air.","hint":"Break it into Earth plus heat to identify an energy source beneath the surface.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["energy","earth-science"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-solar-sun-energy","clue":"Relating to the Sun or to energy captured from its light and heat.","answer":"SOLAR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Of, relating to, or produced by the Sun, especially energy derived from sunlight.","explanation":"The answer modifies technologies and processes connected with the Sun. Panels can convert light into electricity, while other systems use sunlight’s heat for useful purposes.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Sunlight and heat point to an adjective for energy originating with the Sun.","hint":"This adjective describes systems powered by sunlight.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["energy","sun"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"environment-resource-useful-material","clue":"A material, source of energy, or feature of nature that people can use to meet needs.","answer":"RESOURCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A natural material, energy source, or environmental feature that can be used to support human needs.","explanation":"This term covers many useful parts of the natural world, including water, forests, soil, minerals, and sunlight. Different resources renew at different rates and require careful management.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Useful materials and energy sources point to the broad category of things people rely upon.","hint":"It is something useful that people draw on, such as water, soil, energy, or minerals.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["resources","stewardship"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"environmental-literacy","subject":"environmental-literacy","sourceUrl":"https://wordnet.princeton.edu/","sourceLicense":"common-knowledge and Princeton WordNet reference marker","requiredAttribution":"none","contentVersion":1,"gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-appositive-renaming-phrase","clue":"Noun phrase that renames a nearby noun","answer":"APPOSITIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An appositive is a noun or noun phrase placed next to another noun to identify or explain it.","explanation":"APPOSITIVE fits because this construction gives another name or description for a noun beside it, as in a title or identifying phrase.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase points to a grammar structure that restates a noun in the same sentence position.","hint":"It often sits between punctuation marks after the word it identifies.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","sentence structure","noun phrases"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-antecedent-pronoun-target","clue":"Earlier noun a pronoun points back to","answer":"ANTECEDENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An antecedent is the noun, phrase, or clause that a later pronoun refers to.","explanation":"ANTECEDENT is correct because pronoun agreement and clarity depend on the earlier word or idea being referenced.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording asks for the prior reference point that makes a pronoun clear.","hint":"Find the word that gives he, she, it, or they its reference.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","pronouns","reference"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-modifier-describing-word-group","clue":"Word or phrase that describes another word","answer":"MODIFIER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A modifier is a word, phrase, or clause that adds description or detail to another element in a sentence.","explanation":"MODIFIER fits because descriptive words and groups narrow, qualify, or add detail to nouns, verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue describes a broad grammar role rather than a single part of speech.","hint":"Adjectives and adverbs often play this role.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","description","sentence structure"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-gerund-verb-form-noun","clue":"Verb form used as a noun","answer":"GERUND","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A gerund is an ing verb form that functions as a noun in a sentence.","explanation":"GERUND fits because words such as reading or swimming can name activities while occupying noun positions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue combines a verb form with a noun job, which identifies this grammar term.","hint":"It often ends with ing while naming an activity.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","verbals","parts of speech"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-participle-adjective-verb-form","clue":"Verb form that can act like an adjective","answer":"PARTICIPLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A participle is a verb form used in verb phrases or as an adjective-like descriptor.","explanation":"PARTICIPLE is correct because forms like frozen or shining can modify nouns while still coming from verbs.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue points to a verbal that keeps verb form but takes on a describing function.","hint":"Look at words such as broken or running when they describe nouns.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","verbals","adjectives"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-infinitive-to-verb-form","clue":"Base verb form often introduced by to","answer":"INFINITIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An infinitive is the base form of a verb, often with to, used as a noun, adjective, or adverb.","explanation":"INFINITIVE fits because phrases such as to learn or to compare use a base verb outside ordinary tense marking.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording highlights the untensed base form that appears in many verb phrases.","hint":"The phrase can name an action without showing tense.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","verbs","verbals"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-predicate-sentence-action-part","clue":"Sentence part that tells what the subject does or is","answer":"PREDICATE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A predicate is the part of a sentence or clause that says something about the subject.","explanation":"PREDICATE is correct because it contains the verb and the words that describe the subject's action, state, or condition.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue contrasts the subject with the sentence portion that completes its statement.","hint":"After locating the subject, look for the verb and its companions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","sentences","subjects"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-clause-subject-verb-unit","clue":"Word group with its own subject and verb","answer":"CLAUSE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A clause is a group of words containing a subject and a verb.","explanation":"CLAUSE fits because independent and dependent word groups both need a subject and a verb to qualify as this unit.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue names the two required grammar parts inside this kind of word group.","hint":"It may stand alone, or it may depend on another group.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","sentences","word groups"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-phrase-word-group-no-subject-verb","clue":"Word group that lacks a subject-verb pair","answer":"PHRASE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A phrase is a group of related words that functions together without containing both a subject and a verb.","explanation":"PHRASE is correct because prepositional, noun, and verb groups can work together without forming a full clause.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"contrast-clue","signal":"The clue uses absence of a subject-verb pair to distinguish this grammar unit.","hint":"It acts as a unit but is not a complete clause.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","word groups","syntax"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-conjunction-joining-word","clue":"Word that links words, phrases, or clauses","answer":"CONJUNCTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A conjunction is a word used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.","explanation":"CONJUNCTION fits because these words show how grammatical units are joined or related in a sentence.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue emphasizes the linking function shared by coordinating and subordinating forms.","hint":"And, but, and because can serve this connecting job.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","parts of speech","connections"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-preposition-relationship-word","clue":"Relationship word such as under, before, or with","answer":"PREPOSITION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A preposition is a word that shows a relationship involving direction, place, time, cause, manner, or possession.","explanation":"PREPOSITION is correct because words like under and with connect a noun or pronoun to another part of the sentence.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"example-clue","signal":"The examples identify a part of speech that introduces a relational word group.","hint":"It usually begins a group ending with an object.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","parts of speech","phrases"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-interjection-sudden-expression","clue":"Sudden word or phrase showing feeling","answer":"INTERJECTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An interjection is a word or short phrase that expresses emotion, reaction, or interruption.","explanation":"INTERJECTION fits because it can stand apart from the main grammar of a sentence while showing a speaker's reaction.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a part of speech used for quick emotional expression.","hint":"Wow and oh can be examples in a sentence.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","parts of speech","expression"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-agreement-matching-forms","clue":"Grammar match between related words","answer":"AGREEMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Agreement is the matching of grammatical forms, such as subject with verb or pronoun with antecedent.","explanation":"AGREEMENT is correct because sentence parts must align in number, person, or gender depending on the rule being applied.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for a grammar condition in which related forms fit one another.","hint":"A singular subject usually needs a singular verb.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","usage","verbs"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-parallelism-matching-patterns","clue":"Balanced grammar pattern in a list or series","answer":"PARALLELISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Parallelism is the use of matching grammatical forms for coordinate words, phrases, or clauses.","explanation":"PARALLELISM fits because clear writing often keeps items in a series in the same grammatical shape.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue highlights balance and repeated structure across equal sentence parts.","hint":"Check whether listed items share the same structure.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","revision","style"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-subjunctive-wish-condition-mood","clue":"Verb mood for wishes or contrary conditions","answer":"SUBJUNCTIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The subjunctive is a verb mood used for wishes, demands, suggestions, or conditions contrary to fact.","explanation":"SUBJUNCTIVE is correct because English uses forms such as were to mark hypothetical or recommended situations.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue names the kind of meaning, not just a verb tense, used in special conditions.","hint":"It appears in sentences like If I were choosing carefully.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","verbs","mood"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-transitive-object-taking-verb","clue":"Describing a verb that takes a direct object","answer":"TRANSITIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Transitive describes a verb that requires or allows a direct object to receive its action.","explanation":"TRANSITIVE fits because verbs such as carry or solve can take direct objects that complete the action.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue focuses on whether the verb's action reaches an object.","hint":"Ask whether the action passes to what or whom.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","verbs","objects"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-intransitive-no-direct-object","clue":"Describing a verb with no direct object","answer":"INTRANSITIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Intransitive describes a verb that does not take a direct object.","explanation":"INTRANSITIVE is correct because verbs such as sleep or arrive can complete a clause without a direct object.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"contrast-clue","signal":"The clue contrasts a complete verb action with one that passes to an object.","hint":"The action can be complete without answering what or whom.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","verbs","objects"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-comma-brief-pause-mark","clue":"Punctuation mark used to separate sentence elements","answer":"COMMA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A comma is a punctuation mark used to separate elements, set off interrupters, or guide sentence rhythm.","explanation":"COMMA fits because writers use this mark between list items, after introductory elements, and around some nonessential details.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies a punctuation mark by its common separating function.","hint":"It can divide items in a series.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","punctuation","usage"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-semicolon-linking-punctuation","clue":"Punctuation mark linking closely related clauses","answer":"SEMICOLON","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A semicolon is a punctuation mark that can connect closely related independent clauses or separate complex list items.","explanation":"SEMICOLON is correct because it joins independent clauses without a coordinating conjunction when the ideas are tightly connected.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue names a mark by its ability to connect complete but related thoughts.","hint":"It is stronger than a pause mark but not a full stop.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","punctuation","clauses"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-grammar-usage-colon-introducing-punctuation","clue":"Punctuation mark that can introduce a list or explanation","answer":"COLON","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A colon is a punctuation mark used after a complete statement to introduce details, examples, or explanation.","explanation":"COLON fits because it signals that what follows will expand, list, or explain what came before.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue points to the punctuation mark's forward-looking introduction function.","hint":"Use it after a complete thought to point forward.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["grammar","punctuation","usage"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"grammar-and-usage","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"grammar-and-usage","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-mitosis-body-cell-division","clue":"Body-cell division that produces matching nuclei","answer":"MITOSIS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Mitosis is nuclear division that produces two genetically matching nuclei in eukaryotic cells.","explanation":"MITOSIS fits because ordinary body cells use this process to make cells with the same chromosome set.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue describes the outcome of cell division rather than naming its stages.","hint":"This process supports growth and tissue repair.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","cells","cell division"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-molecular-biology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-meiosis-gamete-division","clue":"Cell division that halves chromosome number for gametes","answer":"MEIOSIS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Meiosis is a two-part cell division process that produces gametes with half the usual chromosome number.","explanation":"MEIOSIS is correct because sperm and egg cells form through divisions that reduce and shuffle chromosomes.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue emphasizes reduced chromosome number and reproductive cells.","hint":"It helps offspring differ from their parents.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","genetics","cell division"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-molecular-biology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-chromosome-dna-package","clue":"Threadlike DNA package in a cell nucleus","answer":"CHROMOSOME","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with proteins that carries many genes.","explanation":"CHROMOSOME fits because it is the organized structure that carries hereditary information inside many cells.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue links cell location, shape, and DNA packaging.","hint":"Humans usually have 46 of these in body cells.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","genetics","cells"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/classical-genetics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-gene-dna-trait-unit","clue":"DNA segment linked to a trait","answer":"GENE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A gene is a segment of DNA that helps determine a trait or codes for a functional product.","explanation":"GENE is correct because traits are influenced by DNA segments passed from parents to offspring.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for a DNA unit associated with inheritance.","hint":"A short hereditary unit can influence a characteristic.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","inheritance","DNA"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/classical-genetics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-allele-gene-version","clue":"Version of a hereditary DNA unit","answer":"ALLELE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An allele is one version of a gene found at a particular location on a chromosome.","explanation":"ALLELE fits because organisms can carry different versions of a gene that affect how a trait appears.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue focuses on variation among forms of the same inherited unit.","hint":"For a blood type trait, A and O are examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","genetics","inheritance"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/classical-genetics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-genotype-inherited-combination","clue":"An organism's allele combination","answer":"GENOTYPE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A genotype is the allele combination an organism has for a gene or set of genes.","explanation":"GENOTYPE is correct because it names the genetic makeup represented by allele symbols, not the visible trait itself.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"example-clue","signal":"The clue asks for the inherited combination behind a trait.","hint":"Letters like Bb can represent it in a Punnett square.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","genetics","Punnett squares"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/classical-genetics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-phenotype-observable-trait","clue":"Observable expression of a trait","answer":"PHENOTYPE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A phenotype is the observable trait or characteristic produced by genes and environment.","explanation":"PHENOTYPE fits because it names the visible or measurable form of a trait, such as height or color.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue emphasizes what can be observed rather than the allele symbols.","hint":"Flower color or pea shape can be this visible result.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","genetics","traits"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/classical-genetics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-ribosome-protein-builder","clue":"Cell structure where proteins are assembled","answer":"RIBOSOME","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A ribosome is a cell structure that links amino acids to build proteins.","explanation":"RIBOSOME is correct because this cellular machine translates RNA messages into chains of amino acids.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue identifies an organelle-like structure by its role in protein synthesis.","hint":"It reads RNA instructions during translation.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","cells","protein synthesis"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/gene-expression-central-dogma","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-chloroplast-sugar-making-organelle","clue":"Plant organelle that captures light to make sugar","answer":"CHLOROPLAST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A chloroplast is a plant and algal organelle that uses light energy to help make sugars.","explanation":"CHLOROPLAST fits because this organelle houses the reactions that convert light energy into chemical energy.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue links plant cells, light capture, and sugar production.","hint":"It contains green pigment and is common in leaf cells.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","cells","plants"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/photosynthesis-in-plants","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-mitochondrion-cell-energy-organelle","clue":"Organelle where much cellular ATP is produced","answer":"MITOCHONDRION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A mitochondrion is an organelle that helps convert food energy into ATP through cellular respiration.","explanation":"MITOCHONDRION is correct because many eukaryotic cells rely on this organelle for large amounts of usable energy.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue points to ATP production as the identifying cell function.","hint":"It is often nicknamed the cell's power site.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","cells","energy"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-respiration-and-fermentation","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-nucleus-dna-control-center","clue":"Membrane-bound cell compartment holding DNA","answer":"NUCLEUS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that stores DNA.","explanation":"NUCLEUS fits because it houses chromosomes and helps regulate cell activities through genetic instructions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the cell compartment by its membrane and DNA storage role.","hint":"In many diagrams, it is drawn as the large central cell part.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","cells","organelles"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/structure-of-a-cell","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-diffusion-molecules-spreading","clue":"Movement from higher concentration to lower concentration","answer":"DIFFUSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.","explanation":"DIFFUSION is correct because particles tend to spread out until their concentration becomes more even.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"The clue gives the concentration gradient that drives the movement.","hint":"A drop of dye spreading through water shows the idea.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","cells","transport"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/membranes-and-transport","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-transport-membrane-movement","clue":"Movement of materials across a cell membrane","answer":"TRANSPORT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Transport is the movement of substances into, out of, or within cells.","explanation":"TRANSPORT fits because cells use passive and energy-requiring mechanisms to move substances where they are needed.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for the general term for cellular movement of materials.","hint":"It may require energy when particles move against a gradient.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","cells","membranes"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/membranes-and-transport","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-enzyme-reaction-speed-helper","clue":"Biological molecule that speeds a reaction","answer":"ENZYME","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An enzyme is a biological catalyst, usually a protein, that speeds a chemical reaction in living systems.","explanation":"ENZYME is correct because cells rely on these catalysts to make many reactions occur fast enough for life.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the molecule by its effect on reaction rate.","hint":"It lowers activation energy and is not used up.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","biochemistry","reactions"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/energy-and-enzymes","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-protein-amino-acid-polymer","clue":"Macromolecule made from amino acids","answer":"PROTEIN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A protein is a macromolecule made of amino acids folded into a functional shape.","explanation":"PROTEIN fits because chains of amino acids form molecules that support structure, signaling, transport, and catalysis.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue names the building blocks used to identify the biological molecule.","hint":"Enzymes and many cell structures are built from this material.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","macromolecules","amino acids"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/macromolecules","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-lipid-water-avoiding-molecule","clue":"Fat-like biomolecule that does not mix well with water","answer":"LIPID","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A lipid is a hydrophobic biological molecule group that includes fats, oils, waxes, and membrane phospholipids.","explanation":"LIPID is correct because these molecules store energy, form membranes, and resist mixing with water.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue uses water avoidance and fat-like behavior as the identifying features.","hint":"Cell membranes contain a double layer of this molecule type.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","macromolecules","membranes"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/macromolecules","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-carbohydrate-sugar-starch-molecule","clue":"Biomolecule group that includes sugars and starches","answer":"CARBOHYDRATE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A carbohydrate is a biological molecule made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, including sugars, starches, and cellulose.","explanation":"CARBOHYDRATE fits because glucose, starch, and cellulose all belong to this energy and structure-related molecule group.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"example-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the molecule class by familiar examples.","hint":"Cells often use this molecule type for quick energy or structure.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","macromolecules","energy"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/macromolecules","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-respiration-atp-releasing-process","clue":"Cell process that releases energy from food molecules","answer":"RESPIRATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Respiration is the cellular process that breaks down food molecules to release usable energy.","explanation":"RESPIRATION is correct because cells convert chemical energy in molecules such as glucose into ATP through this process.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"The clue identifies a life process by energy release inside cells.","hint":"Its aerobic form uses oxygen and produces ATP.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","cells","energy"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-respiration-and-fermentation","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-fermentation-oxygen-free-energy-process","clue":"Energy process cells can use without oxygen","answer":"FERMENTATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Fermentation is an anaerobic process that lets cells continue producing ATP without oxygen.","explanation":"FERMENTATION fits because it regenerates molecules needed for glycolysis when oxygen is unavailable.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"The clue points to energy production in low-oxygen conditions.","hint":"Yeast use it when making bread rise.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","energy","anaerobic processes"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-respiration-and-fermentation","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-biology-vocabulary-adaptation-inherited-helpful-trait","clue":"Inherited trait that helps survival or reproduction","answer":"ADAPTATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An adaptation is an inherited trait that improves an organism's ability to survive or reproduce in an environment.","explanation":"ADAPTATION is correct because natural selection can favor traits that help organisms succeed in particular conditions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue links heredity with survival advantage.","hint":"Thick fur in a cold habitat can be one example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["biology","evolution","traits"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"biology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"biology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-element-one-atom-kind","clue":"Pure substance made of one kind of atom","answer":"ELEMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An element is a pure substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons.","explanation":"ELEMENT fits because each periodic-table entry represents atoms with a specific proton number.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue uses purity and one atom type to identify a basic chemistry category.","hint":"Gold and oxygen are examples from the periodic table.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","matter","periodic table"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-molecule-bonded-atom-group","clue":"Group of atoms held together by chemical bonds","answer":"MOLECULE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A molecule is a group of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.","explanation":"MOLECULE is correct because covalently bonded atoms can form a distinct particle such as water or carbon dioxide.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the particle by bonded atoms acting as one unit.","hint":"Water particles are examples made from hydrogen and oxygen.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","matter","bonding"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-ion-charged-particle","clue":"Atom or molecule with an electric charge","answer":"ION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An ion is an atom or molecule with a net electric charge because electrons were gained or lost.","explanation":"ION fits because changing electron count makes a particle positive or negative while its proton count stays the same.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue uses electric charge as the defining property.","hint":"It has gained or lost electrons.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","atoms","charge"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-isotope-same-protons-different-neutrons","clue":"Atom version with same protons but different neutrons","answer":"ISOTOPE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An isotope is an atom of the same element with a different number of neutrons.","explanation":"ISOTOPE is correct because atoms can remain the same element while having different mass numbers.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"contrast-clue","signal":"The clue contrasts unchanged proton count with changed neutron count.","hint":"Carbon-12 and carbon-14 are related examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","atoms","nuclear chemistry"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-proton-positive-nuclear-particle","clue":"Positively charged particle in an atomic nucleus","answer":"PROTON","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle found in an atom's nucleus.","explanation":"PROTON fits because the number of these particles defines the atomic number of an element.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue combines charge and nuclear location to identify the particle.","hint":"Its count determines the element's identity.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","atoms","subatomic particles"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-neutron-neutral-nuclear-particle","clue":"Neutral particle in an atomic nucleus","answer":"NEUTRON","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A neutron is an uncharged subatomic particle found in an atom's nucleus.","explanation":"NEUTRON is correct because these nuclear particles add mass without changing the element's atomic number.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the particle by charge and location.","hint":"Changing its count can change an atom's mass number.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","atoms","subatomic particles"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-electron-negative-particle","clue":"Negatively charged particle outside the nucleus","answer":"ELECTRON","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle found in regions around an atomic nucleus.","explanation":"ELECTRON fits because atoms gain, lose, or share these particles in many chemical changes.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue combines negative charge with location outside the nucleus.","hint":"Chemical bonds often involve this small particle.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","atoms","bonding"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-valence-outer-electron-level","clue":"Outer-shell bonding capacity of an atom","answer":"VALENCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Valence refers to an atom's outer electron level and its ability to form chemical bonds.","explanation":"VALENCE is correct because outer electrons largely determine how an atom combines with other atoms.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue points to the outer-shell property connected to bonding.","hint":"Periodic-table groups often share this feature.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","bonding","periodic table"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-reactant-starting-substance","clue":"Starting substance in a chemical reaction","answer":"REACTANT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A reactant is a substance present at the start of a chemical reaction.","explanation":"REACTANT fits because these substances are rearranged or transformed as the reaction proceeds.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the substance by its position before a reaction changes it.","hint":"It appears on the left side of many chemical equations.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","reactions","equations"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-product-reaction-result","clue":"Substance formed by a chemical reaction","answer":"PRODUCT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A product is a substance made as a result of a chemical reaction.","explanation":"PRODUCT is correct because chemical equations show these resulting substances after the arrow.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for the outcome substance created after reacting materials change.","hint":"It appears on the right side of many chemical equations.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","reactions","equations"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-solution-uniform-mixture","clue":"Uniform mixture with dissolved particles","answer":"SOLUTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A solution is a homogeneous mixture in which one or more substances are dissolved in another substance.","explanation":"SOLUTION fits because its composition is evenly distributed, unlike a visibly separated mixture.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"example-clue","signal":"The clue uses uniform mixing and dissolved particles as key evidence.","hint":"Salt water is a common classroom example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","mixtures","matter"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-solvent-dissolving-medium","clue":"Substance that does the dissolving in a mixture","answer":"SOLVENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A solvent is the substance in a solution that dissolves the solute.","explanation":"SOLVENT is correct because it is usually the larger component that surrounds and separates dissolved particles.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the mixture component by its dissolving role.","hint":"In salt water, water has this role.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","solutions","mixtures"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-solute-dissolved-substance","clue":"Substance being dissolved in a mixture","answer":"SOLUTE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A solute is the substance dissolved by a solvent to form a solution.","explanation":"SOLUTE fits because its particles become dispersed throughout the dissolving medium.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue asks for the mixture component that gets dissolved.","hint":"In salt water, salt has this role.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","solutions","mixtures"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-precipitate-solid-forms","clue":"Solid that forms from a liquid reaction mixture","answer":"PRECIPITATE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A precipitate is an insoluble solid that forms during a reaction in solution.","explanation":"PRECIPITATE is correct because some dissolved ions react to form a solid that separates from solution.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-result-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the product by its solid state within a liquid mixture.","hint":"It may appear as cloudy material at the bottom of a test tube.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","reactions","solutions"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-acid-proton-donor","clue":"Substance that can donate H plus in water","answer":"ACID","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An acid is a substance that donates protons or increases hydrogen ion concentration in water.","explanation":"ACID fits because these substances produce sour, reactive solutions and neutralize bases in many reactions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue uses proton donation and pH behavior as identifying evidence.","hint":"Its pH is less than 7 in many classroom examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","pH","reactions"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-base-proton-acceptor","clue":"Substance that can accept H plus in water","answer":"BASE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A base is a substance that accepts protons or increases hydroxide ion concentration in water.","explanation":"BASE is correct because these substances often feel slippery in lab descriptions and neutralize acids.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue describes the substance by proton behavior and pH pattern.","hint":"Its pH is greater than 7 in many classroom examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","pH","reactions"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-neutralization-acid-base-reaction","clue":"Reaction between an acid and a base","answer":"NEUTRALIZATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Neutralization is a reaction in which an acid and a base react to form products such as water and a salt.","explanation":"NEUTRALIZATION fits because acid and base properties are reduced as ions combine into new products.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the reaction by the two reacting substance classes.","hint":"Water and a salt are common products.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","pH","reactions"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-oxidation-electron-loss","clue":"Chemical change involving electron loss","answer":"OXIDATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Oxidation is a chemical process in which a substance loses electrons.","explanation":"OXIDATION is correct because in redox reactions one substance loses electrons while another gains them.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"The clue uses electron transfer direction to identify the redox process.","hint":"Rusting iron is a familiar example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","redox","reactions"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-reduction-electron-gain","clue":"Chemical change involving electron gain","answer":"REDUCTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Reduction is a chemical process in which a substance gains electrons.","explanation":"REDUCTION fits because one reactant gains electrons while another reactant is oxidized in the same reaction.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the redox process by electron transfer direction.","hint":"It is paired with electron loss in redox reactions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","redox","reactions"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-chemistry-vocabulary-equilibrium-balanced-reaction-state","clue":"State when forward and reverse reaction rates match","answer":"EQUILIBRIUM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Equilibrium is a dynamic state in which forward and reverse processes occur at equal rates.","explanation":"EQUILIBRIUM is correct because concentrations can remain constant while microscopic reactions continue in both directions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"The clue identifies a reaction condition through matched rates.","hint":"Amounts may look stable even though particles keep reacting.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["chemistry","reactions","rates"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"chemistry-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"chemistry-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-mineral-natural-solid","clue":"Naturally occurring solid with a crystal structure","answer":"MINERAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and crystal structure.","explanation":"MINERAL fits because Earth science classifies substances such as quartz and feldspar by these properties.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue combines natural origin, solid state, and crystal arrangement.","hint":"Quartz is a common example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","geology","materials"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-rock-mineral-mixture","clue":"Solid Earth material made of minerals or mineral-like matter","answer":"ROCK","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals, mineraloids, or organic material.","explanation":"ROCK is correct because it is the basic geologic material that cycles through igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic forms.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the material by its solid aggregate nature.","hint":"Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic are major types.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","geology","rock cycle"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-fossil-preserved-remains","clue":"Preserved remains or traces of ancient life","answer":"FOSSIL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A fossil is preserved evidence of past life, such as remains, impressions, or traces in rock.","explanation":"FOSSIL fits because Earth scientists use preserved remains and traces to study organisms from earlier geologic time.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to ancient life evidence rather than a living organism.","hint":"A footprint in old sedimentary rock can count.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","geology","history of life"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-sediment-loose-particles","clue":"Loose particles carried by wind, water, or ice","answer":"SEDIMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Sediment is loose rock, mineral, or organic material transported and deposited by natural processes.","explanation":"SEDIMENT is correct because deposited particles can later compact and cement into sedimentary rock.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"example-clue","signal":"The clue identifies material by its loose form and movement by Earth systems.","hint":"Sand and silt moved by a river are examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","geology","deposition"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-magma-underground-molten-rock","clue":"Molten rock beneath Earth's surface","answer":"MAGMA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Magma is molten or partly molten rock located beneath Earth's surface.","explanation":"MAGMA fits because once molten rock reaches the surface, Earth science uses a different term for it.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"contrast-clue","signal":"The clue uses molten state and underground location as the distinction.","hint":"It may feed a volcano before erupting.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","volcanoes","geology"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-lava-surface-molten-rock","clue":"Molten rock after it reaches Earth's surface","answer":"LAVA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Lava is molten rock that has erupted or flowed onto Earth's surface.","explanation":"LAVA is correct because the term changes from underground molten rock to this once it erupts above ground.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"contrast-clue","signal":"The clue distinguishes molten rock by its surface location.","hint":"It can flow from an erupting volcano.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","volcanoes","geology"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-crust-outer-earth-layer","clue":"Thin outer solid layer of Earth","answer":"CRUST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The crust is Earth's thin, outermost solid layer.","explanation":"CRUST fits because it is the rigid outer layer above the mantle where landforms and ocean basins occur.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies an Earth layer by position and state.","hint":"Continents and ocean floors are part of it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","Earth layers","geology"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-mantle-middle-earth-layer","clue":"Thick Earth layer between outer shell and core","answer":"MANTLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The mantle is the thick rocky layer between Earth's crust and core.","explanation":"MANTLE is correct because this hot, slowly flowing rocky layer transfers heat below tectonic plates.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue locates the layer between two better-known Earth layers.","hint":"Convection in it helps drive plate motion.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","Earth layers","plate tectonics"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-core-earth-center","clue":"Central layer system of Earth","answer":"CORE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The core is Earth's central region, made mostly of iron and nickel, with solid inner and liquid outer parts.","explanation":"CORE fits because it is the deepest layer system and helps generate Earth's magnetic field.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the innermost Earth layer by location.","hint":"It includes inner solid and outer liquid regions rich in iron.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","Earth layers","geophysics"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-volcano-eruption-landform","clue":"Opening or mountain where molten rock can erupt","answer":"VOLCANO","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A volcano is an opening in Earth's crust, often forming a mountain, through which lava, ash, and gases erupt.","explanation":"VOLCANO is correct because it is the surface feature where material from inside Earth can escape.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue links a landform with eruption of molten material.","hint":"Ash, gases, and lava may come from it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","volcanoes","geology"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-earthquake-ground-shaking","clue":"Ground shaking from sudden rock movement","answer":"EARTHQUAKE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An earthquake is shaking of the ground caused by sudden movement of rock within Earth.","explanation":"EARTHQUAKE fits because stored stress can release suddenly as seismic waves travel through Earth.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-result-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the event by its shaking effect and geologic cause.","hint":"It often occurs along faults.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","seismic activity","plate tectonics"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-fault-rock-fracture","clue":"Fracture where blocks of rock move","answer":"FAULT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A fault is a break in rock where movement has occurred on either side.","explanation":"FAULT is correct because stress along these breaks can release energy and produce earthquakes.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue focuses on both fracture and displacement.","hint":"Many earthquakes begin along one.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","geology","seismic activity"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-epicenter-surface-point","clue":"Surface point above an earthquake focus","answer":"EPICENTER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An epicenter is the point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus.","explanation":"EPICENTER fits because it names the map point above where seismic energy begins at depth.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"location-clue","signal":"The clue uses the surface location relative to the underground starting point.","hint":"Maps often mark it near the strongest shaking.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","seismic activity","mapping"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-seismic-earthquake-related","clue":"Related to earthquake waves or shaking","answer":"SEISMIC","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Seismic describes waves, activity, or measurements related to earthquakes or vibrations through Earth.","explanation":"SEISMIC is correct because scientists use this term for waves and records produced by ground vibrations.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for an adjective tied to earthquake energy.","hint":"Sensors use this kind of data to study tremors.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","seismic activity","waves"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-plate-rigid-lithosphere-slab","clue":"Rigid slab of lithosphere that moves slowly","answer":"PLATE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A plate is a large rigid piece of Earth's lithosphere that moves over the asthenosphere.","explanation":"PLATE fits because interactions among these slabs explain many major geologic features and events.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue names a moving slab involved in tectonic processes.","hint":"Its boundaries are linked to many mountains, quakes, and volcanoes.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","plate tectonics","geology"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-weathering-rock-breakdown","clue":"Breakdown of rock at or near Earth's surface","answer":"WEATHERING","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Weathering is the physical or chemical breakdown of rock and minerals at or near Earth's surface.","explanation":"WEATHERING is correct because it changes rock into smaller pieces or altered materials before erosion moves them.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"The clue identifies rock breakdown without transport.","hint":"Ice, roots, and chemical reactions can cause it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","geology","rock cycle"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-strata-layered-rock-beds","clue":"Layers of sedimentary rock","answer":"STRATA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Strata are layers of rock or sediment, especially sedimentary layers deposited over time.","explanation":"STRATA fits because geologists study these layers to interpret relative ages and past environments.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue uses layered rock beds as the identifying feature.","hint":"Older layers often lie below younger ones when undisturbed.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","geology","relative dating"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-glacier-flowing-ice-mass","clue":"Large mass of ice that moves slowly over land","answer":"GLACIER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A glacier is a large, long-lasting mass of ice that forms on land and moves under its own weight.","explanation":"GLACIER is correct because these ice masses reshape landscapes by plucking, grinding, and depositing material.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue combines ice, land location, and slow movement.","hint":"It can carve valleys as it flows.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","ice","landforms"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-hurricane-rotating-tropical-storm","clue":"Tropical cyclone with sustained winds of at least 74 mph","answer":"HURRICANE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A hurricane is a tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of at least 74 miles per hour.","explanation":"HURRICANE fits because this storm category begins when a tropical cyclone reaches sustained winds of at least 74 miles per hour.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies a tropical cyclone by the wind-speed threshold that separates it from a tropical storm.","hint":"It forms over warm ocean water and has strong winds.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","weather","storms"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-earth-science-humidity-water-vapor-air","clue":"Amount of water vapor in air","answer":"HUMIDITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Humidity is the amount of water vapor present in the air.","explanation":"HUMIDITY is correct because meteorologists track water vapor to understand clouds, precipitation, and comfort conditions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies an atmospheric measurement by the substance being measured.","hint":"High values can make a warm day feel sticky.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["earth science","weather","atmosphere"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"earth-science","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/cosmology-and-astronomy/earth-history-topic","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"earth-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-triangle-three-sided-polygon","clue":"Polygon with three sides","answer":"TRIANGLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A triangle is a polygon with three sides and three angles.","explanation":"TRIANGLE fits because three straight sides enclose this basic polygon used throughout geometry.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the shape by its side count.","hint":"Its interior angles add to 180 degrees in Euclidean geometry.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","polygons","shapes"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-quadrilateral-four-sided-polygon","clue":"Polygon with four sides","answer":"QUADRILATERAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides and four vertices.","explanation":"QUADRILATERAL is correct because all four-sided polygons belong to this broad geometry class.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"example-clue","signal":"The clue identifies a polygon category by side count.","hint":"Squares, rectangles, and trapezoids are examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","polygons","classification"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-polygon-closed-straight-shape","clue":"Closed plane figure made of straight segments","answer":"POLYGON","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A polygon is a closed two-dimensional figure made from straight line segments.","explanation":"POLYGON fits because triangles, rectangles, and pentagons are all closed figures with straight sides.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue uses closure, flatness, and straight sides as defining features.","hint":"Circles do not qualify because their edge is curved.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","shapes","definitions"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-vertex-corner-point","clue":"Corner point where sides or edges meet","answer":"VERTEX","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A vertex is a point where two or more rays, segments, edges, or sides meet.","explanation":"VERTEX is correct because angles, polygons, and solids all use this word for a corner or endpoint meeting place.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"location-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the geometry term by the meeting point of boundaries.","hint":"A square has four of these points.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","points","shapes"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-radius-center-to-circle","clue":"Segment from a circle's center to its edge","answer":"RADIUS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A radius is a line segment from the center of a circle or sphere to a point on its boundary.","explanation":"RADIUS fits because every point on a circle is the same distance from the center by this measure.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the segment by one endpoint at the center and one on the boundary.","hint":"It is half the diameter.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","circles","measurement"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-diameter-through-center-segment","clue":"Circle segment through the center with endpoints on the edge","answer":"DIAMETER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A diameter is a chord that passes through the center of a circle or sphere.","explanation":"DIAMETER is correct because it is the longest chord of a circle and measures twice the radius.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue uses the center-crossing condition to identify this circle segment.","hint":"It equals two radii.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","circles","measurement"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-circumference-circle-distance-around","clue":"Distance around a circle","answer":"CIRCUMFERENCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Circumference is the distance around a circle.","explanation":"CIRCUMFERENCE fits because it measures the complete boundary length of a circle.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for the circular version of perimeter.","hint":"It is calculated with pi and the diameter.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","circles","measurement"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-chord-circle-endpoint-segment","clue":"Segment with both endpoints on a circle","answer":"CHORD","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A chord is a line segment whose endpoints both lie on a circle.","explanation":"CHORD is correct because it connects two points on the circle, whether or not it crosses the center.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies the segment by the locations of its endpoints.","hint":"The longest one passes through the center.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","circles","segments"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-tangent-touching-line","clue":"Line that touches a circle at exactly one point","answer":"TANGENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A tangent is a line, ray, or segment that intersects a circle at exactly one point.","explanation":"TANGENT fits because it just touches the circle rather than cutting through it.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"The clue uses one-point contact as the identifying property.","hint":"At the touch point, it is perpendicular to a radius.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","circles","lines"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-secant-two-point-line","clue":"Line that intersects a circle at two points","answer":"SECANT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A secant is a line that intersects a circle at two distinct points.","explanation":"SECANT is correct because it passes through the circle and contains a chord between the two intersections.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"contrast-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the line by the number of intersection points.","hint":"Unlike a touching-only line, it cuts across the circle.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","circles","lines"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-arc-curved-circle-part","clue":"Curved part of a circle's edge","answer":"ARC","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An arc is a connected portion of a circle's circumference.","explanation":"ARC fits because it is not the whole circle, only a curved section along the circumference.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to part of a circular boundary.","hint":"It lies between two points on the circle.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","circles","measurement"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-congruent-same-size-shape","clue":"Having the same size and shape","answer":"CONGRUENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Congruent describes figures with the same size and shape.","explanation":"CONGRUENT fits because translations, rotations, and reflections can place matching figures directly on top of each other.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for a geometry relationship requiring exact match.","hint":"One figure could be moved onto the other exactly.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","transformations","relationships"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-similar-same-shape-scale","clue":"Having the same shape but possibly different size","answer":"SIMILAR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Similar describes figures with equal corresponding angles and proportional corresponding side lengths.","explanation":"SIMILAR is correct because one figure can be a scaled version of the other without being the same size.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"contrast-clue","signal":"The clue contrasts shape match with possible scale difference.","hint":"Corresponding angles match, and side lengths are proportional.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","similarity","relationships"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-symmetry-matching-halves","clue":"Balanced property with matching parts","answer":"SYMMETRY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Symmetry is a property in which a figure has matching parts under a transformation such as reflection or rotation.","explanation":"SYMMETRY fits because a shape may remain aligned with itself after a flip, turn, or other transformation.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"The clue uses balanced matching as the geometry feature.","hint":"A folded shape may have two halves that line up.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","transformations","patterns"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-rotation-turn-transformation","clue":"Transformation that turns a figure around a point","answer":"ROTATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A rotation is a transformation that turns every point of a figure around a fixed center by the same angle.","explanation":"ROTATION fits because each point moves along a circular path around the center while size and shape stay unchanged.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the transformation by turning around a point.","hint":"The amount may be measured in degrees.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","transformations","motion"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-reflection-flip-transformation","clue":"Transformation that flips a figure over a line","answer":"REFLECTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A reflection is a transformation that maps a figure to a mirror image across a line.","explanation":"REFLECTION is correct because points move to equal distances on the opposite side of the mirror line.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the transformation by its flip over a line.","hint":"Mirror images across an axis show this motion.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","transformations","motion"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-translation-slide-transformation","clue":"Transformation that slides a figure without turning","answer":"TRANSLATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A translation is a transformation that moves every point of a figure the same distance and direction.","explanation":"TRANSLATION fits because the figure's size, shape, and orientation stay the same while its position changes.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the transformation by a slide motion.","hint":"Every point moves the same distance in the same direction.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","transformations","motion"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-dilation-scale-transformation","clue":"Transformation that enlarges or reduces a figure","answer":"DILATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A dilation is a transformation that changes a figure's size by a scale factor from a center point.","explanation":"DILATION is correct because it creates a similar figure by multiplying distances from a center by the same factor.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the transformation by size change rather than sliding or flipping.","hint":"A scale factor controls the new size.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","transformations","similarity"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-bisector-equal-parts-divider","clue":"Line or ray that divides something into two equal parts","answer":"BISECTOR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A bisector is a line, ray, or segment that divides an angle or segment into two equal parts.","explanation":"BISECTOR fits because it names the divider that creates two congruent angles or two congruent segment pieces.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The clue uses equal division into two parts as the defining action.","hint":"It can split an angle or segment evenly.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","angles","segments"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geometry-language-parallel-coplanar-nonmeeting-lines","clue":"Describing coplanar lines that never meet","answer":"PARALLEL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Parallel describes lines in the same plane that do not intersect.","explanation":"PARALLEL is correct because these lines have the same direction and remain equidistant in Euclidean geometry.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"The clue identifies the relationship by shared plane and no intersection.","hint":"They stay the same distance apart.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geometry","lines","relationships"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geometry-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/geometry","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geometry-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-dataset-collected-values","clue":"Organized collection of values used for analysis","answer":"DATASET","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A dataset is a collected group of related values or observations used for analysis.","explanation":"DATASET fits because statistics begins with a structured group of observations that can be sorted, graphed, summarized, or compared.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording points to the collection itself before any calculations are made.","hint":"Think of the numbers or observations gathered before making a graph.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","data","analysis"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-sample-smaller-group","clue":"Smaller group studied to learn about a larger group","answer":"SAMPLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A sample is a subset selected from a larger population for study.","explanation":"SAMPLE fits because researchers often measure part of a population and use that evidence to make careful conclusions about the whole.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"The clue contrasts a smaller studied group with the larger group it represents.","hint":"Pollsters use only part of the whole population when asking questions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","sampling","population"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-census-whole-population-count","clue":"Count or study that includes every member of a population","answer":"CENSUS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A census is a count or survey that attempts to include every member of a population.","explanation":"CENSUS fits because it describes collecting information from the entire population being studied instead of from only selected members.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The word every signals a full-population count rather than a subset.","hint":"Governments use this kind of count to learn about all residents.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","population","data collection"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-survey-question-response-method","clue":"Question-based method for collecting responses","answer":"SURVEY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A survey is a data-collection method that asks people questions and records their responses.","explanation":"SURVEY fits because it names an organized way to collect data from people by asking the same or related questions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"The phrase question-based method points to gathering information through responses.","hint":"It might ask classmates about opinions, habits, or preferences.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","data collection","responses"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-outlier-unusual-value","clue":"Value that sits far away from the rest of a data group","answer":"OUTLIER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An outlier is a data value that is unusually distant from most other values in a set.","explanation":"OUTLIER fits because one unusually high or low value can affect summaries such as the mean and may need special attention.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase far away from the rest points to an unusually separated value.","hint":"On a dot plot, look for the point separated from the cluster.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","data displays","variation"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-range-high-low-spread","clue":"Difference between the greatest and least values","answer":"RANGE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Range is a measure of spread found by subtracting the minimum value from the maximum value.","explanation":"RANGE fits because it gives a quick measure of how far a data set stretches from its lowest value to its highest value.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-result-clue","signal":"The clue names the calculation using greatest and least values.","hint":"Subtract the smallest value from the largest value.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","spread","calculation"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-frequency-how-often","clue":"Count of how many times a value or category appears","answer":"FREQUENCY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Frequency is the number of times a particular value or category occurs in data.","explanation":"FREQUENCY fits because a table or bar graph often starts by counting how often each response or value occurs.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The count of repeated appearances points to a basic tabulation term.","hint":"A tally mark table records this for each category.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","counts","tables"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-histogram-binned-bar-graph","clue":"Bar graph that groups numerical data into intervals","answer":"HISTOGRAM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A histogram is a graph that displays numerical data by grouping values into intervals and showing counts with bars.","explanation":"HISTOGRAM fits because it shows how many data values fall within each numerical interval, making the distribution easier to see.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Intervals and touching bars signal this particular display for numerical data.","hint":"Its bars usually touch because each bar covers a number bin.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","graphs","numerical data"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-scatterplot-two-variable-dots","clue":"Dot graph comparing two numerical variables","answer":"SCATTERPLOT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A scatterplot is a graph of paired numerical data shown as points on a coordinate plane.","explanation":"SCATTERPLOT fits because it lets students inspect whether paired measurements move together, move oppositely, or show little pattern.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase two numerical variables points to paired data displayed with dots.","hint":"Each point has an x-value and a y-value.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","graphs","bivariate data"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-correlation-variable-relationship","clue":"Pattern showing how two variables tend to change together","answer":"CORRELATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Correlation is a statistical relationship describing how two variables vary together.","explanation":"CORRELATION fits because it names the strength and direction of an association seen in paired data, without by itself proving cause.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"The phrase change together signals a relationship between paired measurements.","hint":"It can be positive, negative, or close to zero.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","relationships","bivariate data"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-causation-direct-effect","clue":"Relationship in which one factor directly produces a change in another","answer":"CAUSATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Causation is a relationship in which one event or factor directly brings about another.","explanation":"CAUSATION fits because statistics classes distinguish direct influence from an association that may be explained by another variable.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"The wording directly produces a change signals cause-and-effect reasoning.","hint":"This is stronger than just seeing two patterns move together.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","reasoning","relationships"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-trend-over-time-pattern","clue":"General pattern of increase, decrease, or steady change","answer":"TREND","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A trend is a general direction or pattern in data, especially across ordered values or time.","explanation":"TREND fits because students use this term when describing the broad direction shown by data, not every small fluctuation.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Increase, decrease, and steady change point to an overall data pattern.","hint":"Look at the overall direction rather than one single point.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","patterns","graphs"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-distribution-value-shape","clue":"Overall shape of how data values are spread","answer":"DISTRIBUTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A distribution describes how the values in a data set are arranged across possible values.","explanation":"DISTRIBUTION fits because it describes the full pattern of data, including center, spread, clusters, gaps, and unusual values.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for the overall shape and spread of values.","hint":"It can be centered, skewed, clustered, or widely spread out.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","spread","data displays"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-variance-squared-spread","clue":"Average squared distance from the mean","answer":"VARIANCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Variance is a measure of spread based on the average of squared deviations from the mean.","explanation":"VARIANCE fits because it quantifies how far data values typically lie from the mean after each distance is squared.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-result-clue","signal":"The phrase squared distance from the mean signals this advanced spread measure.","hint":"Large values mean the numbers are more spread out from the center.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","spread","mean"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-quartile-four-part-marker","clue":"Cut point that helps divide ordered data into four parts","answer":"QUARTILE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A quartile is a value that divides ordered data into four groups with roughly equal counts.","explanation":"QUARTILE fits because these cut points help describe the middle and spread of ordered data, especially in box plots.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase four parts signals a position marker in ordered data.","hint":"Box plots use first and third versions of this marker.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","box plots","position"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-percentile-hundred-rank","clue":"Rank showing the percent of values at or below a score","answer":"PERCENTILE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A percentile is a rank that indicates what percent of data values are at or below a given value.","explanation":"PERCENTILE fits because it locates a value within an ordered data set by comparing it with the rest of the values.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue ties a score to a percent of values below it.","hint":"A score at 80 on this scale is above most scores in the group.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","rank","position"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-interval-number-span","clue":"Span between two values used to group data","answer":"INTERVAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An interval is a continuous span between two values, often used to group numerical data.","explanation":"INTERVAL fits because grouped displays often count how many observations fall within each chosen span of values.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase between two values points to a bounded numerical span.","hint":"A graph might collect ages 10 through 14 in one bin.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","grouping","graphs"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-randomness-chance-variation","clue":"Unpredictable variation caused by chance","answer":"RANDOMNESS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Randomness is variation or selection governed by chance rather than a predictable pattern.","explanation":"RANDOMNESS fits because probability models account for variation that cannot be predicted exactly in advance.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Chance and uncertain results signal this idea in probability and sampling.","hint":"A fair die roll shows this because the next result is uncertain.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","probability","variation"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-estimate-reasoned-approximation","clue":"Reasoned approximation based on available information","answer":"ESTIMATE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An estimate is an approximate value based on reasoning, measurement, or incomplete data.","explanation":"ESTIMATE fits because students use data and context to choose a reasonable approximate value when exact measurement is unavailable.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Approximation and available information point to a value that is not claimed as exact.","hint":"It is close enough for a purpose, even if it is not exact.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","reasoning","approximation"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-statistics-data-parameter-population-number","clue":"Numerical fact about an entire population","answer":"PARAMETER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A parameter is a numerical measure that describes a whole population.","explanation":"PARAMETER fits because it names the population value that researchers often try to infer from collected data.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The words entire population distinguish this value from one computed from a subset.","hint":"A statistic from a subset may be used to approximate it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["statistics","population","inference"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"statistics-and-data","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"statistics-and-data","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-velocity-speed-direction","clue":"Speed described together with direction","answer":"VELOCITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Velocity is the rate of motion in a specified direction.","explanation":"VELOCITY fits because it tells how fast something moves and where it is headed, unlike speed alone.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Speed together with direction signals a vector quantity in motion.","hint":"Thirty meters per second east gives both pieces needed for this quantity.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","motion","vectors"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-acceleration-changing-velocity","clue":"Rate at which motion changes in speed or direction","answer":"ACCELERATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes over time.","explanation":"ACCELERATION fits because physics uses it for any change in velocity, including speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Changes in speed or direction point to changing velocity.","hint":"A car has this when it speeds up, slows down, or turns.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","motion","vectors"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-force-push-pull","clue":"Push or pull that can change an object's motion","answer":"FORCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A force is a push or pull that can change the motion or shape of an object.","explanation":"FORCE fits because it names the interaction that can start, stop, speed up, slow down, or redirect an object.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The phrase push or pull points to the basic interaction that affects motion.","hint":"It is measured in newtons in the SI system.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","motion","newtons"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-mass-matter-amount","clue":"Amount of matter in an object","answer":"MASS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Mass is a measure of how much matter an object contains.","explanation":"MASS fits because it measures an object's matter, while weight depends on the gravitational pull acting on that matter.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Amount of matter points to a property that does not depend on local gravity.","hint":"It is measured in kilograms and is not the same as weight.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","matter","measurement"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-inertia-resists-motion-change","clue":"Tendency of matter to resist a change in motion","answer":"INERTIA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion.","explanation":"INERTIA fits because objects at rest tend to stay at rest and moving objects tend to keep moving unless acted on.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording resist a change in motion points to Newton's first-law idea.","hint":"A heavier cart is harder to start or stop because of this property.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","motion","Newton laws"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-momentum-mass-motion","clue":"Quantity found from mass times velocity","answer":"MOMENTUM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Momentum is a quantity of motion equal to mass multiplied by velocity.","explanation":"MOMENTUM fits because moving objects carry this quantity, and collisions often analyze how it is transferred or conserved.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-result-clue","signal":"The formula using mass and velocity identifies this motion quantity.","hint":"A fast truck has more of it than a slow bicycle.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","motion","collisions"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-friction-opposes-sliding","clue":"Contact force that opposes sliding motion","answer":"FRICTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Friction is a contact force that resists relative motion between surfaces.","explanation":"FRICTION fits because it acts between surfaces and can slow motion or produce heat as objects rub together.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Opposes sliding motion points to resistance between touching surfaces.","hint":"Rough surfaces usually create more of this than smooth ones.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","forces","motion"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-energy-work-capacity","clue":"Capacity to do work or cause change","answer":"ENERGY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Energy is the capacity to do work or produce change in a system.","explanation":"ENERGY fits because physics tracks how this quantity transfers and transforms while total amount is conserved in closed systems.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Capacity to do work is the standard classroom signal for this physics term.","hint":"It may be stored, moving, thermal, chemical, or electrical.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","systems","conservation"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-work-force-distance","clue":"Energy transferred when a force moves an object through distance","answer":"WORK","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Work is energy transferred when a force acts on an object over a displacement.","explanation":"WORK fits because physics defines it more narrowly than everyday effort: a force must cause displacement.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-result-clue","signal":"Force plus movement through distance identifies this physics quantity.","hint":"Pushing a box across the floor transfers this if the box moves.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","energy","forces"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-power-energy-rate","clue":"Rate at which energy is transferred or work is done","answer":"POWER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.","explanation":"POWER fits because two machines can do the same amount of work, but the one that does it faster has more of this quantity.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for a rate involving energy transfer or work.","hint":"A watt is one unit used to measure it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","energy","rates"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-wave-traveling-disturbance","clue":"Traveling disturbance that carries energy","answer":"WAVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A wave is a traveling disturbance that transfers energy without transporting matter overall.","explanation":"WAVE fits because many physical systems transfer energy through repeating disturbances in fields or materials.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Traveling disturbance and carries energy signal this broad physics idea.","hint":"Sound and light are studied as examples of this phenomenon.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","waves","energy"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-amplitude-maximum-displacement","clue":"Maximum displacement from a wave's rest position","answer":"AMPLITUDE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium position.","explanation":"AMPLITUDE fits because it measures how far a wave moves from its resting line, which often relates to intensity.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Maximum displacement from rest points to a measure of wave size.","hint":"For sound, a larger value is related to greater loudness.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","waves","measurement"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-wavelength-crest-distance","clue":"Distance between matching points on consecutive waves","answer":"WAVELENGTH","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Wavelength is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent cycles of a wave.","explanation":"WAVELENGTH fits because it measures the repeat distance of a wave pattern, such as crest-to-crest spacing.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Matching points on consecutive waves signal this spatial wave measure.","hint":"Measure from crest to crest or trough to trough.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","waves","measurement"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-refraction-bending-light","clue":"Bending of a wave as it enters a new medium","answer":"REFRACTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Refraction is the bending of a wave caused by a change in speed as it passes into another medium.","explanation":"REFRACTION fits because light, sound, and other waves can change direction when their speed changes in a different material.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"Bending while entering a new medium points to a wave-speed change.","hint":"A straw can look shifted in a glass of water because of this effect.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","waves","light"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-diffraction-wave-spreading","clue":"Spreading of waves around an edge or through an opening","answer":"DIFFRACTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Diffraction is the bending and spreading of waves around obstacles or through openings.","explanation":"DIFFRACTION fits because waves do not always travel only in straight lines; they can spread after passing barriers or gaps.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"Around an edge or through an opening signals this wave behavior.","hint":"Sound can be heard around a doorway partly because of this behavior.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","waves","interference"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-current-charge-flow","clue":"Flow rate of electric charge","answer":"CURRENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Current is the rate at which electric charge flows past a point in a circuit.","explanation":"CURRENT fits because it measures how much electric charge passes through part of a circuit each second.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Flow rate of electric charge identifies a basic circuit quantity.","hint":"Amperes are the units used for this quantity.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","electricity","circuits"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-voltage-energy-per-charge","clue":"Electric potential difference measured in volts","answer":"VOLTAGE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Voltage is electric potential difference, or energy transferred per unit charge.","explanation":"VOLTAGE fits because it describes the push per charge that can drive electric current through a circuit.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Measured in volts points to electric potential difference.","hint":"A battery label often gives this value.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","electricity","circuits"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-resistance-opposes-current","clue":"Opposition to electric charge flow in a circuit","answer":"RESISTANCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Resistance is opposition to the flow of electric current in a material or circuit component.","explanation":"RESISTANCE fits because materials and components can limit current, converting some electrical energy into heat or other forms.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Opposition to charge flow signals a circuit property measured in ohms.","hint":"Ohms are the units used to measure it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","electricity","circuits"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-circuit-closed-electric-path","clue":"Complete path that lets electric charge flow","answer":"CIRCUIT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A circuit is a connected path through which electric charge can flow.","explanation":"CIRCUIT fits because current requires a continuous path through connected components and a source of electrical energy.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Complete path and electric charge flow identify a basic electricity structure.","hint":"A bulb lights only when this path is closed.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","electricity","systems"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-physics-vocabulary-magnetism-force-fields","clue":"Force-related phenomenon involving poles and fields","answer":"MAGNETISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Magnetism is the physical phenomenon involving magnetic fields and forces between poles, currents, or materials.","explanation":"MAGNETISM fits because it explains effects such as compass alignment, magnetic attraction, and forces near electric currents.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Poles and fields signal the attraction and repulsion studied in this topic.","hint":"Compass needles respond to this interaction from Earth.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["physics","fields","electricity"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"physics-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"physics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-latitude-north-south-measure","clue":"Angular position north or south of the equator","answer":"LATITUDE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Latitude is angular distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees.","explanation":"LATITUDE fits because it identifies how far a place lies above or below the equator on Earth's grid.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"North or south of the equator points to one coordinate used to locate places.","hint":"Lines for this measurement run east-west across a map.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","maps","coordinates"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-longitude-east-west-measure","clue":"Angular position east or west of the prime meridian","answer":"LONGITUDE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Longitude is angular distance east or west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees.","explanation":"LONGITUDE fits because it locates a place's east-west position on Earth's coordinate grid.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"East or west of the prime meridian identifies the other major map coordinate.","hint":"Lines for this coordinate meet at the poles.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","maps","coordinates"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-equator-zero-degree-circle","clue":"Imaginary circle halfway between Earth's poles","answer":"EQUATOR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The equator is the imaginary line around Earth halfway between the North and South Poles.","explanation":"EQUATOR fits because this line divides Earth into northern and southern halves and anchors latitude measurements.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Halfway between Earth's poles points to the global reference line at zero degrees.","hint":"It marks 0 degrees latitude.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","Earth","coordinates"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-meridian-pole-line","clue":"Line of longitude running from pole to pole","answer":"MERIDIAN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A meridian is an imaginary line of longitude connecting the North and South Poles.","explanation":"MERIDIAN fits because each such line helps measure how far east or west a place is from the prime reference line.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Pole to pole and longitude indicate a north-south map reference line.","hint":"The prime one passes through Greenwich, England.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","maps","coordinates"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-hemisphere-earth-half","clue":"Half of Earth divided by a major imaginary line","answer":"HEMISPHERE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A hemisphere is one half of Earth, commonly divided by the equator or a prime meridian reference.","explanation":"HEMISPHERE fits because geographers use this term to describe large halves of the globe for location and comparison.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Half of Earth signals a broad spatial division used on maps.","hint":"Northern and Southern are two examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","Earth","location"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-topography-surface-features","clue":"Shape and surface features of a place","answer":"TOPOGRAPHY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Topography is the arrangement of natural and human-made surface features in an area.","explanation":"TOPOGRAPHY fits because it describes the hills, valleys, plains, and other features that shape a place's surface.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Surface features and shape point to the physical form of land.","hint":"Contour lines on a map help show it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","landforms","maps"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-elevation-height-sea-level","clue":"Height of a place above sea level","answer":"ELEVATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Elevation is the height of a location above or below a reference level, usually sea level.","explanation":"ELEVATION fits because maps and geographic descriptions use it to compare how high locations are.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Height above sea level identifies a common physical geography measurement.","hint":"Mountain towns usually have a larger value than coastal towns.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","landforms","measurement"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-plateau-high-flat-land","clue":"High, mostly flat landform","answer":"PLATEAU","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A plateau is an elevated area of relatively flat land.","explanation":"PLATEAU fits because it names a broad, elevated land area that is flatter than a mountain range.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"High and mostly flat identify a raised landform.","hint":"It is raised like a tableland rather than peaked like a mountain.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","landforms","physical geography"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-isthmus-narrow-land-bridge","clue":"Narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas","answer":"ISTHMUS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An isthmus is a narrow strip of land that connects two larger land areas and has water on two sides.","explanation":"ISTHMUS fits because it names the geography feature that links landmasses while separating bodies of water.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Narrow strip connecting larger land areas signals a land bridge.","hint":"Panama is a famous example of this landform.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","landforms","water"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-peninsula-land-water-sides","clue":"Landform almost surrounded by water","answer":"PENINSULA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on most sides while still connected to a larger land area.","explanation":"PENINSULA fits because it describes land extending into water while keeping a connection to a larger landmass.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Almost surrounded by water points to a landform that remains attached.","hint":"Florida is a familiar U.S. example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","landforms","water"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-archipelago-island-chain","clue":"Group or chain of islands","answer":"ARCHIPELAGO","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An archipelago is a group, chain, or cluster of islands.","explanation":"ARCHIPELAGO fits because it names a set of islands considered together as a geographic unit.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Group or chain of islands directly identifies this land-and-water term.","hint":"Japan and the Philippines are examples at country scale.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","islands","landforms"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-delta-river-mouth-deposit","clue":"Landform at a river mouth built from deposited sediment","answer":"DELTA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A delta is a landform made of sediment deposited where a river enters standing water.","explanation":"DELTA fits because rivers can drop sediment at their mouths, gradually building new land in a fanlike area.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-result-clue","signal":"River mouth and deposited sediment signal this landform.","hint":"It often forms where a river slows as it enters a sea or lake.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","rivers","landforms"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-tributary-smaller-stream","clue":"Smaller stream that flows into a larger river","answer":"TRIBUTARY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A tributary is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or river.","explanation":"TRIBUTARY fits because river systems include smaller waterways that join and add flow to larger channels.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"Flows into a larger river points to a feeder waterway.","hint":"It adds water to the main channel.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","rivers","water systems"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-basin-river-drainage-area","clue":"Area drained by a river and its connected streams","answer":"BASIN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A basin is an area of land drained by a river system or a low area that collects water or sediment.","explanation":"BASIN fits because geographers use it to describe the land area linked by drainage into a shared river system.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Drained by a river and connected streams points to a watershed-like region.","hint":"Rain falling within it eventually flows toward the same river system.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","rivers","water systems"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-cartography-mapmaking","clue":"Science and skill of making maps","answer":"CARTOGRAPHY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Cartography is the study and practice of designing and making maps.","explanation":"CARTOGRAPHY fits because it combines geographic knowledge, measurement, and design choices to represent places on maps.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Making maps points to the specialized field behind map design.","hint":"People in this field decide projections, symbols, labels, and scale.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","maps","spatial skills"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-scale-map-distance-ratio","clue":"Map ratio comparing drawn distance with real distance","answer":"SCALE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Scale is the relationship between distance on a map and actual distance on Earth.","explanation":"SCALE fits because it lets readers convert map measurements into real-world distances.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Comparing drawn distance with real distance signals a map measurement tool.","hint":"One inch on a map might stand for ten miles on the ground.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","maps","measurement"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-region-shared-features-area","clue":"Area defined by shared physical or human features","answer":"REGION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A region is an area grouped together because it has shared characteristics.","explanation":"REGION fits because geographers organize places by common traits such as climate, economy, language, or landforms.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Shared features point to an area grouped for geographic study.","hint":"The Corn Belt is one example in the United States.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","places","classification"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-population-place-residents","clue":"People living in a particular place","answer":"POPULATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Population is the number or group of people living in a defined area.","explanation":"POPULATION fits because geographers compare how many people live in different places and how those numbers change.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"People living in a place points to a core human geography measure.","hint":"A city can grow when more residents move in or are born there.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","human geography","demographics"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-settlement-established-community","clue":"Place where people establish a community","answer":"SETTLEMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A settlement is a place where people live and establish homes, services, and community life.","explanation":"SETTLEMENT fits because geography studies where communities form and how their locations relate to resources, transport, and land use.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"People establish a community points to a human geography term for inhabited places.","hint":"It may be rural, suburban, or urban.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","human geography","communities"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-geography-language-urbanization-city-growth","clue":"Process by which cities grow and attract more people","answer":"URBANIZATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Urbanization is the growth of cities and the increasing share of people living in urban areas.","explanation":"URBANIZATION fits because it describes the shift toward city living and the spatial changes that follow.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"Cities grow and attract more people identifies a major human geography process.","hint":"It changes land use, housing, transportation, and services.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["geography","human geography","cities"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"geography-language","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://education.nationalgeographic.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"geography-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-ballot-vote-method","clue":"Form or method used to cast a vote","answer":"BALLOT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A ballot is the form, device, or method by which a voter records choices in an election.","explanation":"BALLOT fits because voters use it to select candidates, approve measures, or express official choices.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Cast a vote points to the object or method used to record a choice.","hint":"It may be paper, electronic, or mailed in.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","elections","voting"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-election-choosing-leaders","clue":"Public process for choosing leaders or deciding measures","answer":"ELECTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An election is a formal process in which voters choose leaders or decide public questions.","explanation":"ELECTION fits because democratic systems use organized voting to fill offices and decide certain policy questions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"Choosing leaders or deciding measures signals a formal voting process.","hint":"Voters participate in this process on scheduled dates.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","voting","democracy"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-representative-voter-chosen-official","clue":"Person chosen by voters to act for them in government","answer":"REPRESENTATIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A representative is an elected person who acts and votes for constituents in government.","explanation":"REPRESENTATIVE fits because representative government relies on officials who make decisions on behalf of the people who elected them.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Chosen by voters to act for them points to an elected voice in government.","hint":"This official speaks and votes on behalf of constituents.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","representation","government"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-senate-upper-chamber","clue":"Upper chamber of the U.S. Congress","answer":"SENATE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with two members from each state.","explanation":"SENATE fits because it names the congressional chamber that gives equal representation to states regardless of population.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Upper chamber and two members per state identify this part of Congress.","hint":"Each state has two members in this chamber.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","Congress","legislative branch"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-congress-national-lawmaking-body","clue":"National lawmaking body with two chambers in the United States","answer":"CONGRESS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Congress is the national legislative body of the United States, made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate.","explanation":"CONGRESS fits because it is the branch body that writes federal laws, controls funding, and represents states and districts.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Two chambers and national lawmaking identify the federal legislative body.","hint":"Its chambers are the House and a body with two members per state.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","federal government","legislative branch"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-cabinet-executive-advisers","clue":"Group of executive advisers who lead major departments","answer":"CABINET","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The Cabinet is a group of top executive branch advisers, often including leaders of major departments.","explanation":"CABINET fits because presidents and governors rely on these department heads for advice and administration.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Executive advisers and department leaders point to this governing group.","hint":"In the U.S., members include department secretaries and the attorney general.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","executive branch","government"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-veto-executive-rejection","clue":"Executive rejection of a bill passed by lawmakers","answer":"VETO","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A veto is an executive action rejecting a bill and preventing it from becoming law unless overridden.","explanation":"VETO fits because it lets an executive block legislation, while an override process can preserve legislative power.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Executive rejection of a bill identifies a check on the legislative branch.","hint":"Lawmakers may try to override it with enough votes.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","checks and balances","law"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-legislature-lawmaking-body","clue":"Government body responsible for making laws","answer":"LEGISLATURE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A legislature is a government body with authority to make, amend, or repeal laws.","explanation":"LEGISLATURE fits because it names the body that debates and passes laws at national, state, or local levels.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Responsible for making laws points to the legislative function.","hint":"A state can have one with two chambers or one chamber.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","law","government"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-jurisdiction-legal-authority-area","clue":"Legal authority over a place, person, or type of case","answer":"JURISDICTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Jurisdiction is the legal authority of a court or government body over certain people, places, or issues.","explanation":"JURISDICTION fits because courts and agencies can act only within the boundaries of authority given to them.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Legal authority over a case or place signals this civics and law term.","hint":"A court must have this before it can decide a dispute.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","courts","law"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-sovereignty-supreme-authority","clue":"Supreme authority of a state to govern itself","answer":"SOVEREIGNTY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Sovereignty is the supreme authority of a state or people to govern independently.","explanation":"SOVEREIGNTY fits because it names the power of a government or people to make final decisions within a territory.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Supreme authority and govern itself point to political independence.","hint":"Independent countries claim this power within their borders.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","government","political concepts"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-dueprocess-fair-legal-steps","clue":"Legal protection requiring fair steps before loss of life, liberty, or property","answer":"DUEPROCESS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Due process is the constitutional requirement that government follow fair legal procedures before depriving people of protected rights.","explanation":"DUEPROCESS fits because it protects people from arbitrary government action by requiring lawful and fair procedures.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Fair legal steps before loss of liberty or property signals a constitutional safeguard.","hint":"Notice and a fair hearing are common parts of this protection.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","constitutional rights","law"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-appeal-higher-court-review","clue":"Request for a higher court to review a decision","answer":"APPEAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An appeal is a request asking a higher court to review and possibly change a lower court decision.","explanation":"APPEAL fits because it gives a party a way to challenge a court decision through a reviewing court.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"Higher court review identifies this legal procedure.","hint":"It usually argues that a legal mistake affected the outcome.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","courts","legal process"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-precedent-earlier-court-decision","clue":"Earlier court decision used as a guide for later cases","answer":"PRECEDENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Precedent is an earlier legal decision that guides courts deciding similar later cases.","explanation":"PRECEDENT fits because courts often look to past rulings for consistency when similar legal questions arise.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"relationship-clue","signal":"Earlier decision used as a guide points to a legal reasoning tool.","hint":"Judges may rely on it when similar facts or legal issues appear.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","courts","legal reasoning"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-petition-formal-request","clue":"Formal request sent to government by people seeking action","answer":"PETITION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A petition is a formal written request asking an authority or government to take action.","explanation":"PETITION fits because people use it to ask officials or institutions to address a problem or change a policy.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Formal request and signatures point to a civic participation tool.","hint":"It may include many signatures from supporters.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","participation","rights"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-ordinance-local-law","clue":"Local law passed by a city or town government","answer":"ORDINANCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An ordinance is a law or regulation enacted by a local government.","explanation":"ORDINANCE fits because cities and towns use these laws to manage local issues such as land use, safety, and public behavior.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Local law points to a rule made by municipal authority.","hint":"Noise rules and zoning rules are often examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","local government","law"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-municipality-local-unit","clue":"City or town with its own local government","answer":"MUNICIPALITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A municipality is a city, town, or other local government unit with authority over local affairs.","explanation":"MUNICIPALITY fits because it names a local government that manages community services and rules within its boundaries.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"City or town with local government identifies this civic unit.","hint":"It may provide services such as roads, parks, and water systems.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","local government","communities"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-referendum-direct-policy-vote","clue":"Direct vote by citizens on a proposed law or policy","answer":"REFERENDUM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A referendum is a direct vote in which voters approve or reject a law, proposal, or policy question.","explanation":"REFERENDUM fits because it lets voters decide a specific public question rather than only electing representatives.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"process-clue","signal":"Direct vote on a proposed law points to this form of citizen decision-making.","hint":"Instead of only choosing officials, voters decide the issue itself.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","voting","direct democracy"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-suffrage-right-to-vote","clue":"Right to vote in political elections","answer":"SUFFRAGE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Suffrage is the right to vote in political elections.","explanation":"SUFFRAGE fits because it names access to voting, a central issue in many civil rights movements.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Right to vote identifies a core term in democratic participation history.","hint":"Historical movements fought to expand this right to excluded groups.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","voting rights","history"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-lobbying-influence-officials","clue":"Effort to influence public officials on policy","answer":"LOBBYING","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Lobbying is the act of trying to influence government officials or public policy decisions.","explanation":"LOBBYING fits because individuals and groups use communication and advocacy to persuade officials about laws or regulations.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Influence public officials points to organized advocacy directed at government.","hint":"Interest groups often do this by meeting with lawmakers.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","participation","public policy"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-civics-government-incumbent-current-officeholder","clue":"Current officeholder running or serving in a public position","answer":"INCUMBENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An incumbent is a person who currently holds a political office or official position.","explanation":"INCUMBENT fits because elections often compare challengers with the person who already holds the office.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Current officeholder identifies the election and government term.","hint":"This candidate may already be known to voters from holding the job.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["civics","elections","public office"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"civics-and-government","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.icivics.org/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"civics-and-government","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-motif-recurring-element","clue":"Recurring element that helps develop a larger idea","answer":"MOTIF","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A motif is a recurring element in a text that contributes to a larger idea or pattern.","explanation":"MOTIF fits because readers track repeated details to understand how a text builds meaning over time.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Recurring element points to a repeated feature with interpretive importance.","hint":"A repeated image, sound, or object can serve this purpose.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","literary analysis","patterns"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-symbolism-object-meaning","clue":"Use of an object, action, or image to suggest deeper meaning","answer":"SYMBOLISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Symbolism is the use of something concrete to represent a larger idea, quality, or theme.","explanation":"SYMBOLISM fits because readers interpret objects, colors, actions, or images that represent more than their literal role.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Suggest deeper meaning points to a concrete detail standing for an abstract idea.","hint":"A storm in a story might stand for emotional conflict.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","literary analysis","figurative meaning"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-imagery-sensory-language","clue":"Descriptive language that appeals to the senses","answer":"IMAGERY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Imagery is descriptive language that creates sensory experience for a reader.","explanation":"IMAGERY fits because authors use sensory details to make scenes, feelings, and ideas more vivid.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Appeals to the senses identifies language that helps readers imagine experience.","hint":"Look for details involving sight, sound, smell, taste, or touch.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","literary analysis","sensory language"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-foreshadowing-future-hints","clue":"Hints that suggest events still to come","answer":"FORESHADOWING","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Foreshadowing is the use of clues or hints that prepare readers for later events.","explanation":"FORESHADOWING fits because writers plant early details that become more meaningful when later events occur.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Hints and events still to come point to a technique that builds expectation.","hint":"A warning early in a story may prepare readers for a later problem.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","plot","literary technique"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-flashback-earlier-event","clue":"Scene that interrupts the present action to show an earlier event","answer":"FLASHBACK","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A flashback is a scene or passage that moves back to an earlier time in the story.","explanation":"FLASHBACK fits because it lets readers learn past information that affects the meaning of the current story.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Earlier event interrupting present action signals a shift in narrative time.","hint":"It may reveal a memory that explains a character's current choice.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","plot","narrative structure"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-pointofview-narrative-perspective","clue":"Perspective from which a story is told","answer":"POINTOFVIEW","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Point of view is the perspective or position from which a narrative is presented.","explanation":"POINTOFVIEW fits because it names the narrative perspective that controls what readers know and how events are presented.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Perspective from which a story is told identifies a narration concept.","hint":"First person and third person are common types.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","narration","perspective"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-diction-author-word-choice","clue":"Author's choice of words","answer":"DICTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Diction is an author's word choice and style of expression.","explanation":"DICTION fits because readers analyze selected words to understand tone, meaning, and the author's intended effect.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Choice of words directly points to a writer's language decisions.","hint":"Formal, casual, precise, or emotional wording can shape meaning.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","style","word choice"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-structure-text-organization","clue":"How a text is organized","answer":"STRUCTURE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Structure is the way parts of a text are organized and connected.","explanation":"STRUCTURE fits because readers examine organization to understand how ideas, scenes, or arguments build on each other.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"How a text is organized points to the arrangement of its parts.","hint":"Chronology, comparison, and cause-effect are possible patterns.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","organization","text analysis"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-conflict-story-struggle","clue":"Central struggle between opposing forces in a story","answer":"CONFLICT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Conflict is the struggle between opposing forces that drives a story or drama.","explanation":"CONFLICT fits because plot often develops as characters face problems, choices, or opposition.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Central struggle and opposing forces identify a major story element.","hint":"It may be internal, external, or both.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","plot","story elements"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-characterization-revealing-character","clue":"Method an author uses to reveal a character's traits","answer":"CHARACTERIZATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Characterization is the way an author develops and reveals a character's traits.","explanation":"CHARACTERIZATION fits because it includes both direct description and indirect evidence from what characters say, think, and do.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Reveal a character's traits points to how readers learn who a character is.","hint":"Actions, dialogue, thoughts, and descriptions can all do this work.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","characters","literary analysis"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-plot-event-sequence","clue":"Sequence of events in a story","answer":"PLOT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Plot is the organized sequence of events in a story or drama.","explanation":"PLOT fits because it names the chain of actions and events that moves a story forward.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Sequence of events identifies a basic narrative element.","hint":"It includes what happens and how events connect.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","story elements","narrative"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-exposition-opening-background","clue":"Opening background that introduces setting, characters, or situation","answer":"EXPOSITION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Exposition is background information that introduces key story elements such as setting, characters, and situation.","explanation":"EXPOSITION fits because it gives readers the context needed before the main complications fully develop.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Opening background and introductions point to an early narrative function.","hint":"This early story part helps readers understand the starting point.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","plot","narrative structure"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-climax-story-turning-point","clue":"Highest-tension turning point in a story","answer":"CLIMAX","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The climax is the major turning point or moment of greatest tension in a story.","explanation":"CLIMAX fits because it is the story moment when the central conflict reaches its most intense or decisive point.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Highest tension and turning point identify a key plot moment.","hint":"After this moment, the main problem usually moves toward being settled.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","plot","narrative structure"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-resolution-problems-settled","clue":"Part of a story where main problems are settled","answer":"RESOLUTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Resolution is the part of a story in which central problems are settled or outcomes become clear.","explanation":"RESOLUTION fits because readers look there to see how conflicts end and what has changed for the characters.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Problems are settled points to the closing function of a plot.","hint":"It often follows the moment of highest tension.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","plot","narrative structure"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-paraphrase-restated-idea","clue":"Restatement of an idea in new words","answer":"PARAPHRASE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A paraphrase is a restatement of a text or idea using different wording while preserving meaning.","explanation":"PARAPHRASE fits because it shows understanding by expressing the same idea accurately in different language.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Restatement in new words points to a comprehension and writing tool.","hint":"It keeps the meaning but changes the wording.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","comprehension","academic writing"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-annotation-reader-note","clue":"Note added to a text while reading closely","answer":"ANNOTATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An annotation is a note or mark added to a text to record thinking, questions, or observations.","explanation":"ANNOTATION fits because readers use margin notes and marks to track evidence, confusion, patterns, and interpretations.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"function-clue","signal":"Note added to a text points to an active reading practice.","hint":"It might mark a question, connection, or important detail in the margin.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","close reading","notes"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-genre-literary-category","clue":"Category such as poem, play, novel, biography, or myth","answer":"GENRE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Genre is a category of literature or text defined by shared forms, purposes, or conventions.","explanation":"GENRE fits because readers use it to predict features and compare texts with similar conventions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"example-clue","signal":"Category and examples such as poem or novel point to a classification term.","hint":"It helps set expectations for form, content, and conventions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","literary categories","text types"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-stanza-poem-line-group","clue":"Grouped set of lines in a poem","answer":"STANZA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A stanza is a grouped set of lines in a poem, often separated by space from other groups.","explanation":"STANZA fits because poems often organize lines into these units to shape rhythm, meaning, and emphasis.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Grouped set of lines in a poem identifies a poetry structure term.","hint":"It works somewhat like a paragraph in poetry.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","poetry","structure"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-drama-performed-story","clue":"Story written to be performed by actors","answer":"DRAMA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Drama is literature written to be performed by actors before an audience.","explanation":"DRAMA fits because it is read as a script and understood through dialogue, action, scenes, and stage directions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Performed by actors points to a literary form meant for the stage or screen.","hint":"Scripts, dialogue, stage directions, and scenes are common features.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","literary forms","performance"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-reading-analysis-mood-reader-feeling","clue":"Feeling or atmosphere a text creates for readers","answer":"MOOD","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Mood is the feeling or atmosphere that a text creates for readers.","explanation":"MOOD fits because readers describe the emotional atmosphere produced by details, pacing, setting, and word choice.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"Feeling or atmosphere created for readers identifies an effect of language and setting.","hint":"Dark imagery and tense pacing can create a fearful one.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["reading","literary analysis","atmosphere"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"reading-analysis","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://www.coreknowledge.org/curriculum/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"reading-analysis","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-constant-pilot-final","clue":"Fixed number in an expression","answer":"CONSTANT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A constant is a quantity whose value stays unchanged within a problem or expression.","explanation":"CONSTANT fits because algebra uses it for a fixed value, such as 7 in 3x + 7, that remains the same while variables may vary.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording points to a number that does not depend on any variable.","hint":"It keeps the same value even when letters change.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","expressions","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-expression-pilot-final","clue":"Algebraic phrase without an equals sign","answer":"EXPRESSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An expression is a mathematical phrase made of values, variables, and operations but no equality claim.","explanation":"EXPRESSION is correct because 4n - 2 names a value rule, while an equation would assert that two quantities are equal.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue contrasts a phrase of algebra with a full statement to solve.","hint":"It can contain numbers, letters, and operation symbols.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","symbolic language","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-term-pilot-final","clue":"Single addend inside an algebraic phrase","answer":"TERM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A term is one part of an expression separated from other parts by addition or subtraction.","explanation":"TERM fits because algebra groups expressions into addends such as 5x and 9, each carrying its own coefficient or value.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for the name of a separable piece in a larger expression.","hint":"In 5x + 9, there are two of these pieces.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","expressions","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-factor-pilot-final","clue":"Number or expression multiplied with another","answer":"FACTOR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A factor is a quantity that is multiplied by another quantity to make a product.","explanation":"FACTOR is correct because products can be decomposed into multiplied parts, a key idea in simplifying and solving algebra problems.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue uses multiplication structure as the signal, not addition or equality.","hint":"Breaking 12x into 3 and 4x shows two examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","multiplication","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-slope-pilot-final","clue":"Measure of steepness on a graph","answer":"SLOPE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Slope is the ratio describing how much a line rises or falls for each unit it runs.","explanation":"SLOPE fits because linear relationships use this value to show rate of change and direction across the coordinate plane.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a graph feature measured as change over change.","hint":"It compares vertical change with horizontal change.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","linear relationships","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-intercept-pilot-final","clue":"Graph point where a line crosses an axis","answer":"INTERCEPT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An intercept is a point at which a graph meets the x-axis or y-axis.","explanation":"INTERCEPT is correct because graphing equations often starts by finding where the line touches either coordinate axis.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The wording identifies a crossing location rather than a rate or shape.","hint":"One type occurs where x equals zero.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","graphs","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-quadratic-pilot-final","clue":"Describing an equation with a squared variable as its highest power","answer":"QUADRATIC","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Quadratic describes a polynomial relationship whose greatest exponent is two.","explanation":"QUADRATIC fits because equations like y = x^2 + 3x - 4 have second-degree behavior and graph as parabolas.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals degree two through a squared variable and a recognizable graph shape.","hint":"Its graph commonly has a U-shaped curve.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","polynomials","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-linear-pilot-final","clue":"Describing a relationship that graphs as a straight line","answer":"LINEAR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Linear describes an equation, function, or pattern with a constant rate of change.","explanation":"LINEAR is correct because first-degree algebraic relationships create straight graphs and predictable additive patterns.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue focuses on straight-line graph behavior and equal change per step.","hint":"A steady rate of change is the giveaway.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","linear relationships","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-polynomial-pilot-final","clue":"Expression made from added powers of variables","answer":"POLYNOMIAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A polynomial is an algebraic expression built from variables raised to whole-number powers and combined by addition or subtraction.","explanation":"POLYNOMIAL fits because algebra class groups monomials, binomials, and trinomials under this broader expression type.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a family of expressions organized by powers and sums.","hint":"Examples can have one, two, or many named parts.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","polynomials","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-monomial-pilot-final","clue":"Polynomial with exactly one part","answer":"MONOMIAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A monomial is a one-term polynomial, often a number, variable, or product of numbers and variables.","explanation":"MONOMIAL is correct because it names expressions such as 8 or 2ab that are not split by plus or minus signs.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue narrows the polynomial family to a single-piece case.","hint":"6x^3 is a typical example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","polynomials","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-binomial-pilot-final","clue":"Polynomial with exactly two parts","answer":"BINOMIAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A binomial is a polynomial expression made of two terms joined by addition or subtraction.","explanation":"BINOMIAL fits because algebra uses the word for expressions like a - b and x^2 + 3 that contain exactly two terms.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for the two-part member of the polynomial family.","hint":"x + 5 is a short example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","polynomials","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-trinomial-pilot-final","clue":"Polynomial with exactly three parts","answer":"TRINOMIAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A trinomial is a polynomial consisting of three terms connected by plus or minus signs.","explanation":"TRINOMIAL is correct because many factoring lessons begin with expressions of the form ax^2 + bx + c.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to the three-piece pattern used when classifying expressions.","hint":"x^2 + x + 1 has this structure.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","polynomials","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-radical-pilot-final","clue":"Symbol or expression involving a root","answer":"RADICAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A radical is a root symbol or an expression written under that symbol.","explanation":"RADICAL fits because algebra uses it when rewriting or solving expressions that contain square roots or other roots.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals root notation rather than exponent or fraction notation.","hint":"The square-root sign is the most common example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","roots","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-absolute-value-pilot-final","clue":"Distance from zero on a number line","answer":"ABSOLUTEVALUE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Absolute value is the nonnegative distance of a number from zero, regardless of direction.","explanation":"ABSOLUTEVALUE is correct because both -6 and 6 are six units from zero, so the notation returns the same magnitude.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue gives the distance interpretation that explains the vertical-bar notation.","hint":"The result cannot be negative in basic algebra work.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","number systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-logarithm-pilot-final","clue":"Exponent needed to produce a given number","answer":"LOGARITHM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A logarithm is the exponent to which a base must be raised to obtain a specified value.","explanation":"LOGARITHM fits because log base 10 of 100 equals 2, since 10 raised to the second power gives 100.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue reverses exponentiation, which is the central signal.","hint":"It answers the question, what power is required?","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","exponents","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-asymptote-pilot-final","clue":"Line a graph approaches but may not reach","answer":"ASYMPTOTE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An asymptote is a line that a curve gets closer to without necessarily touching.","explanation":"ASYMPTOTE is correct because it describes a boundary line that shapes how certain functions behave far from the origin.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to limiting graph behavior rather than an exact intersection.","hint":"Rational and exponential graphs often have one.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","graphs","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-parabola-pilot-final","clue":"U-shaped graph of a second-degree relation","answer":"PARABOLA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A parabola is the symmetric curve formed by the graph of a quadratic function.","explanation":"PARABOLA fits because equations with squared variables often open upward or downward in this curved, symmetric form.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue combines shape and algebraic source to identify the graph.","hint":"Projectile paths are often modeled with this curve.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","graphs","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-matrix-pilot-final","clue":"Rectangular array of numbers used in algebra","answer":"MATRIX","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers or symbols used to represent data or transformations.","explanation":"MATRIX is correct because advanced algebra uses such arrays for systems of equations, transformations, and organized calculations.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a structured algebra object arranged by position.","hint":"Rows and columns organize its entries.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","arrays","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-sequence-pilot-final","clue":"Ordered list following a rule","answer":"SEQUENCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A sequence is an ordered set of numbers or objects, usually generated by a pattern or formula.","explanation":"SEQUENCE fits because algebra studies lists like 3, 6, 9, 12 or 2, 4, 8, 16 to describe patterns.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals order and rule-based continuation rather than a single value.","hint":"Arithmetic and geometric patterns are common types.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","patterns","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-algebra-language-domain-pilot-final","clue":"Set of input values allowed for a relation","answer":"DOMAIN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A domain is the collection of possible input values for a function or relation.","explanation":"DOMAIN is correct because functions are interpreted by first deciding which x-values are permitted in the situation.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue focuses on what values may enter a rule before outputs are considered.","hint":"Restrictions may come from division by zero or square roots.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["algebra","functions","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"algebra-language","subject":"mathematics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"algebra-language","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-feudalism-pilot-final","clue":"Medieval system based on land, loyalty, and service","answer":"FEUDALISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Feudalism was a social and political system in which landholding and personal obligations linked rulers, nobles, and warriors.","explanation":"FEUDALISM fits because many medieval societies distributed power through local obligations rather than a single strong central state.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a hierarchy organized around land rights and pledged service.","hint":"Lords and vassals are key roles in this arrangement.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","medieval societies","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-manorialism-pilot-final","clue":"Medieval rural economy centered on an estate","answer":"MANORIALISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Manorialism was an economic system in medieval Europe organized around agricultural estates and local obligations.","explanation":"MANORIALISM is correct because it describes how farms, labor dues, and village life were organized on many medieval manors.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue emphasizes estate-based production rather than battlefield loyalty.","hint":"Peasant labor and a lord's lands shaped daily life.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","medieval economies","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-mercantilism-pilot-final","clue":"Trade policy seeking national wealth through exports and colonies","answer":"MERCANTILISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Mercantilism was an economic theory that linked state power to controlled trade, colonies, and favorable balances.","explanation":"MERCANTILISM fits because European empires often restricted colonial trade to strengthen the home country.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals an early modern policy connecting trade rules with national power.","hint":"Governments tried to accumulate precious metals under this idea.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","empire","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-imperialism-pilot-final","clue":"Policy of extending power over other lands","answer":"IMPERIALISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Imperialism is the practice of a country expanding authority over territories or peoples beyond its borders.","explanation":"IMPERIALISM is correct because world history courses use it to explain empire building, colonial rule, and unequal power relationships.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue asks for expansion of control rather than ordinary exchange.","hint":"Control may be political, military, or economic.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","empire","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-colonialism-pilot-final","clue":"Control of a territory by settlers or a distant power","answer":"COLONIALISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Colonialism is the system in which one power establishes and maintains control over another territory.","explanation":"COLONIALISM fits because it names the political and economic relationship behind many overseas empires.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue highlights distant rule and settlement as defining features.","hint":"The governed region is often administered for outside benefit.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","empire","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-renaissance-pilot-final","clue":"European cultural revival tied to art, learning, and humanism","answer":"RENAISSANCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The Renaissance was a period of renewed interest in classical learning, art, science, and human potential.","explanation":"RENAISSANCE is correct because it names the period associated with figures such as Leonardo, Michelangelo, and humanist scholars.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a historical era marked by cultural revival and creative change.","hint":"Its artists studied both classical models and new techniques.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","early modern","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-reformation-pilot-final","clue":"Religious movement that challenged western church authority","answer":"REFORMATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The Reformation was a sixteenth-century movement that led to major changes and divisions in Christianity.","explanation":"REFORMATION fits because reformers questioned church practices and helped create new Protestant traditions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals a religious challenge that altered European institutions.","hint":"Printing helped spread its arguments quickly.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","religion","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-enlightenment-pilot-final","clue":"Intellectual movement stressing reason, rights, and natural law","answer":"ENLIGHTENMENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The Enlightenment was an eighteenth-century movement that emphasized reason, individual rights, and critical inquiry.","explanation":"ENLIGHTENMENT is correct because its thinkers shaped debates over authority, liberty, science, and citizenship.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to ideas rather than a single government or battle.","hint":"Its ideas influenced revolutions and constitutions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","ideas","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-industrialization-pilot-final","clue":"Shift from hand production to machine-powered manufacturing","answer":"INDUSTRIALIZATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Industrialization is the process by which economies move toward mechanized production and factory systems.","explanation":"INDUSTRIALIZATION fits because it changed work, cities, transportation, and global trade during the modern era.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals a broad economic and technological transformation.","hint":"Factories, steam power, and urban labor grew with it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","industrial era","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-nationalism-pilot-final","clue":"Political loyalty based on shared identity as a people","answer":"NATIONALISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Nationalism is the belief that people with a common identity should have political unity or self-rule.","explanation":"NATIONALISM is correct because it helped shape independence movements, unification efforts, and conflicts in modern history.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue highlights identity-based political loyalty rather than a dynasty or empire.","hint":"It can unify groups or intensify rivalries.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","political ideas","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-alliance-pilot-final","clue":"Formal agreement for cooperation between states or groups","answer":"ALLIANCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An alliance is an agreement in which parties cooperate for mutual benefit, often in diplomacy or war.","explanation":"ALLIANCE fits because historians use the term to explain how partnerships can influence wars, diplomacy, and balance of power.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to organized cooperation rather than conquest.","hint":"Countries may promise defense or support through one.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","diplomacy","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-armistice-pilot-final","clue":"Agreement to stop fighting before a final peace settlement","answer":"ARMISTICE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An armistice is a formal pause or stop in hostilities agreed to by opposing sides.","explanation":"ARMISTICE is correct because it names a negotiated cease-fire that can precede longer peace talks.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue distinguishes a halt in fighting from a complete treaty.","hint":"One famously ended combat in World War I.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","war and peace","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-revolution-pilot-final","clue":"Major overthrow or transformation of a political order","answer":"REVOLUTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A revolution is a fundamental political, social, or economic change, often involving the replacement of a government.","explanation":"REVOLUTION fits because world history compares events such as the French, Haitian, and Russian transformations through this concept.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals a deep change in authority or system.","hint":"It often changes who holds power.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","political change","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-dynasty-pilot-final","clue":"Series of rulers from the same family","answer":"DYNASTY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A dynasty is a sequence of rulers who come from the same family line.","explanation":"DYNASTY is correct because historians use family ruling lines to organize monarchies and imperial periods.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to inherited rule across generations.","hint":"Chinese history often organizes periods this way.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","government","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-monarchy-pilot-final","clue":"Government headed by a king, queen, or similar ruler","answer":"MONARCHY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A monarchy is a form of government in which a single hereditary ruler serves as head of state.","explanation":"MONARCHY fits because it names a system found in many historical kingdoms, from absolute realms to constitutional states.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies rule by a crowned or hereditary figure.","hint":"Power may be limited by laws or held personally.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","government","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-diaspora-pilot-final","clue":"Scattering of a people away from an ancestral homeland","answer":"DIASPORA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A diaspora is the dispersion of a population from its original homeland to other places.","explanation":"DIASPORA is correct because world history uses it to discuss Jewish, African, Armenian, and other dispersed communities.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals movement and community identity after displacement or migration.","hint":"Communities may preserve identity across many regions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","migration","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-silk-road-pilot-final","clue":"Ancient trade network linking East Asia with western regions","answer":"SILKROAD","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The Silk Road was a network of overland and maritime trade routes connecting Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.","explanation":"SILKROAD fits because it names the connected routes that carried silk and many other products and ideas across Eurasia.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to exchange routes rather than one paved highway.","hint":"Goods, ideas, religions, and technologies moved along it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","trade routes","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-crusade-pilot-final","clue":"Medieval religious military expedition","answer":"CRUSADE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A crusade was a medieval military campaign framed around religious goals, especially in the eastern Mediterranean.","explanation":"CRUSADE is correct because historians use the term for campaigns that linked faith, politics, and military action.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue connects warfare with religious motivation in the medieval period.","hint":"Several campaigns focused on control of holy sites.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","medieval societies","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-absolutism-pilot-final","clue":"Political system claiming concentrated royal authority","answer":"ABSOLUTISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Absolutism is a form of rule in which a monarch claims broad centralized power with few formal limits.","explanation":"ABSOLUTISM fits because early modern rulers used armies, bureaucracy, and court culture to strengthen personal authority.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals centralized royal power rather than representative government.","hint":"Louis XIV is a common classroom example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","government","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-world-history-sphere-of-influence-pilot-final","clue":"Region where an outside power holds special sway","answer":"SPHEREOFINFLUENCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A sphere of influence is an area where a powerful state has privileged economic or political influence.","explanation":"SPHEREOFINFLUENCE is correct because the term explains unequal power arrangements in places such as nineteenth-century China.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to indirect control rather than direct colonial ownership.","hint":"Control may occur without formal annexation.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["world history","imperialism","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"world-history","subject":"social-studies","sourceUrl":"https://www.oerproject.com/World-History","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"world-history","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-opportunity-cost-pilot-final","clue":"Value of the next-best option given up","answer":"OPPORTUNITYCOST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Opportunity cost is the value of the best alternative sacrificed when a choice is made.","explanation":"OPPORTUNITYCOST fits because economic choices are evaluated by what must be forgone, not only by what is selected.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals trade-off thinking, a central habit in economics.","hint":"Choosing one use for time or money leaves this behind.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","choice","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-incentive-pilot-final","clue":"Reward or penalty that changes behavior","answer":"INCENTIVE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An incentive is something that motivates people to make one choice rather than another.","explanation":"INCENTIVE is correct because economics studies how benefits, costs, and rules influence choices by consumers, workers, and firms.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a push or pull affecting decisions.","hint":"A sale price can encourage buyers to act.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","decision making","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-elasticity-pilot-final","clue":"Measure of how responsive quantity is to price change","answer":"ELASTICITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Elasticity measures how much one economic variable responds when another variable changes.","explanation":"ELASTICITY fits because economists use it to compare whether demand or supply changes a little or a lot after a price shift.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals responsiveness rather than the direction of movement alone.","hint":"If buyers react strongly, demand is described as high in this measure.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","markets","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-marginal-cost-pilot-final","clue":"Extra expense of producing one more unit","answer":"MARGINALCOST","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Marginal cost is the additional cost created by producing one more unit of a good or service.","explanation":"MARGINALCOST is correct because firms use it to reason about whether increasing production is worthwhile.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue emphasizes the next unit rather than total spending.","hint":"A factory compares it with extra revenue before expanding output.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","production","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-monopoly-pilot-final","clue":"Market with one seller controlling a product","answer":"MONOPOLY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A monopoly is a market structure in which a single seller dominates the supply of a good or service.","explanation":"MONOPOLY fits because economics uses it to analyze pricing, competition, and regulation when buyers have few alternatives.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to market power held by one provider.","hint":"Competition is very limited in this situation.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","markets","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-oligopoly-pilot-final","clue":"Market dominated by a few large sellers","answer":"OLIGOPOLY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An oligopoly is a market structure in which a small number of firms control most supply.","explanation":"OLIGOPOLY is correct because such firms often watch one another closely when setting prices and output.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals a few powerful competitors rather than one seller or many small firms.","hint":"Airlines or phone carriers are common examples in lessons.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","markets","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-gdp-pilot-final","clue":"Total market value of final goods and services produced in a country","answer":"GDP","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"GDP is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a period.","explanation":"GDP fits because macroeconomics uses it to compare output across years or economies, despite its limits as a welfare measure.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a national production measure rather than household income.","hint":"It is often used as a broad output measure.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","macroeconomics","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-recession-pilot-final","clue":"Period of broad decline in economic activity","answer":"RECESSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A recession is a sustained downturn in overall economic activity across a region or country.","explanation":"RECESSION is correct because macroeconomics tracks these downturns through production, employment, and income indicators.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals economy-wide contraction rather than one business having trouble.","hint":"Output, jobs, and spending may all weaken.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","macroeconomics","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-tariff-pilot-final","clue":"Tax placed on imported goods","answer":"TARIFF","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A tariff is a tax that a government charges on goods brought in from another country.","explanation":"TARIFF fits because economics classes use it to discuss protection, prices, consumers, producers, and international trade.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a trade barrier applied at the border.","hint":"It can make foreign products more expensive to buyers.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","trade","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-subsidy-pilot-final","clue":"Government payment that lowers producer or consumer cost","answer":"SUBSIDY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A subsidy is financial support, often from government, that reduces costs or raises returns for a chosen activity.","explanation":"SUBSIDY is correct because it can shift decisions by making production, consumption, or investment less expensive.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals public support that changes market incentives.","hint":"It can encourage more of an activity.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","policy","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-quota-pilot-final","clue":"Limit on how much may be imported or produced","answer":"QUOTA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A quota is a fixed limit on the amount of a good that can be produced, sold, or imported.","explanation":"QUOTA fits because trade lessons contrast it with tariffs when analyzing restrictions on imports.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a quantity cap instead of a price-based policy.","hint":"The rule controls quantity rather than charging a tax.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","trade","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-externality-pilot-final","clue":"Side effect of an economic activity on outsiders","answer":"EXTERNALITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An externality is a cost or benefit affecting people who are not directly part of a transaction.","explanation":"EXTERNALITY is correct because markets may ignore these outside harms or benefits unless policies or norms account for them.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals an effect spilling beyond buyer and seller.","hint":"Pollution from production is a common classroom case.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","market failure","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-public-good-pilot-final","clue":"Shared item that is hard to exclude people from using","answer":"PUBLICGOOD","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A public good is a good or service that many people can use without preventing others from using it.","explanation":"PUBLICGOOD fits because economics uses the concept to explain why some services may be underprovided by private markets.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to shared access and difficulty excluding users.","hint":"Street lighting is a standard example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","market failure","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-entrepreneur-pilot-final","clue":"Person who organizes a business and accepts risk","answer":"ENTREPRENEUR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An entrepreneur is someone who starts or organizes an enterprise, often taking financial and practical risks.","explanation":"ENTREPRENEUR is correct because economics treats this role as a driver of innovation, coordination, and new market activity.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue focuses on organizing production under uncertainty.","hint":"This role turns ideas and resources into ventures.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","production","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-productivity-pilot-final","clue":"Output produced for each unit of input","answer":"PRODUCTIVITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Productivity measures how efficiently inputs such as labor, capital, or time are turned into output.","explanation":"PRODUCTIVITY fits because economies can grow when workers or firms produce more value from the same resources.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals efficiency of production rather than total output alone.","hint":"Better tools can raise this measure per worker.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","production","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-specialization-pilot-final","clue":"Focus on a narrower task or product to improve efficiency","answer":"SPECIALIZATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Specialization is concentrating effort on a particular activity, role, or product.","explanation":"SPECIALIZATION is correct because people and regions can trade after becoming especially skilled at producing certain goods or services.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to focused work as a source of efficiency.","hint":"Assembly lines rely on this division of work.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","trade","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-comparative-advantage-pilot-final","clue":"Ability to produce something at lower relative sacrifice","answer":"COMPARATIVEADVANTAGE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Comparative advantage is the ability to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another producer.","explanation":"COMPARATIVEADVANTAGE fits because it explains why mutually beneficial trade can occur between individuals, regions, or countries.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals relative trade-offs rather than absolute productivity.","hint":"It explains trade even when one side is better at everything.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","trade","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-surplus-pilot-final","clue":"Amount supplied beyond what buyers want at a price","answer":"SURPLUS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A surplus is an excess quantity available when supply is greater than demand at a given price.","explanation":"SURPLUS is correct because market models use it to show pressure for prices to fall or output to adjust.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to more available goods than buyers are willing to purchase.","hint":"Unsold goods may appear when the price is too high.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","markets","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-shortage-pilot-final","clue":"Amount demanded beyond what sellers offer at a price","answer":"SHORTAGE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A shortage is a situation in which quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied at a given price.","explanation":"SHORTAGE fits because market models use it to explain pressure for prices or supply to rise.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to unmet demand rather than an excess of goods.","hint":"Empty shelves can be one visible result.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","markets","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-economics-vocabulary-utility-pilot-final","clue":"Satisfaction or usefulness gained from consuming something","answer":"UTILITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Utility is the benefit, usefulness, or satisfaction a person receives from a good or service.","explanation":"UTILITY is correct because consumer-choice models use it to represent how people rank and compare possible choices.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals perceived benefit rather than physical production.","hint":"Economists use it to model preferences.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["economics","consumer choice","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"economics-vocabulary","subject":"economics","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/economics-finance-domain","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"economics-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-biome-pilot-final","clue":"Large ecological region defined by climate and living communities","answer":"BIOME","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A biome is a major ecological region with characteristic climate, plants, and animals.","explanation":"BIOME fits because ecology uses it to compare large patterns of life across Earth.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a broad regional category rather than one local habitat.","hint":"Desert, tundra, and rainforest are examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","ecosystems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-niche-pilot-final","clue":"Role an organism plays in its environment","answer":"NICHE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A niche is the ecological role of a species, including how it uses resources and affects other organisms.","explanation":"NICHE is correct because two species with identical roles often compete strongly for the same resources.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals function within a community rather than physical location alone.","hint":"It includes food sources, behavior, and interactions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","communities","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-biotic-pilot-final","clue":"Describing the living parts of an ecosystem","answer":"BIOTIC","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Biotic describes the living or once-living components of an ecosystem.","explanation":"BIOTIC fits because ecology distinguishes organisms and their remains from nonliving factors such as light, water, or temperature.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue separates living factors from physical conditions.","hint":"Plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria all count.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","ecosystems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-abiotic-pilot-final","clue":"Describing nonliving environmental factors","answer":"ABIOTIC","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Abiotic describes the nonliving physical and chemical parts of an ecosystem.","explanation":"ABIOTIC is correct because ecology studies how these factors shape where organisms can survive and reproduce.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to environmental conditions rather than organisms.","hint":"Sunlight, temperature, minerals, and water are examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","ecosystems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-trophic-level-pilot-final","clue":"Feeding position in an energy pathway","answer":"TROPHICLEVEL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A trophic level is a step in a food chain or web based on how an organism obtains energy.","explanation":"TROPHICLEVEL fits because energy transfer is organized by producer, consumer, and decomposer relationships.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals feeding rank rather than taxonomic classification.","hint":"Producers and top predators occupy different positions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","energy flow","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-food-web-pilot-final","clue":"Network of feeding relationships in an ecosystem","answer":"FOODWEB","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A food web is a diagram or model showing multiple feeding relationships among organisms.","explanation":"FOODWEB is correct because most ecosystems include many overlapping predator, prey, producer, and decomposer connections.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to interlinked energy paths rather than a single straight line.","hint":"It shows many connected meals, not one simple chain.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","energy flow","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-consumer-pilot-final","clue":"Organism that gets energy by eating other organisms","answer":"CONSUMER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A consumer is an organism that obtains energy by feeding on producers or other consumers.","explanation":"CONSUMER fits because ecology contrasts these organisms with producers that make their own food.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue focuses on gaining energy through eating.","hint":"Herbivores and carnivores are common types.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","energy flow","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-producer-pilot-final","clue":"Organism that makes its own food from light or chemicals","answer":"PRODUCER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A producer is an organism that creates organic food from inorganic materials, often through photosynthesis.","explanation":"PRODUCER is correct because these organisms form the base of many food webs and support consumers.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals energy entry into an ecosystem.","hint":"Most plants fill this role on land.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","energy flow","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-decomposer-pilot-final","clue":"Organism that breaks down dead material","answer":"DECOMPOSER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A decomposer is an organism that breaks down dead organisms and wastes into simpler substances.","explanation":"DECOMPOSER fits because ecosystems depend on these organisms to return nutrients to soil, water, and other living things.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to recycling matter after organisms die.","hint":"Fungi and many bacteria perform this work.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","nutrient cycles","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-predation-pilot-final","clue":"Interaction in which one organism kills and eats another","answer":"PREDATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Predation is an ecological interaction where a predator captures and consumes prey.","explanation":"PREDATION is correct because it can affect population sizes, behavior, and adaptations in ecological communities.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals a feeding relationship between hunter and prey.","hint":"A hawk catching a mouse is an example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","species interactions","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-mutualism-pilot-final","clue":"Species interaction that benefits both partners","answer":"MUTUALISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Mutualism is an ecological relationship in which both interacting species benefit.","explanation":"MUTUALISM fits because ecology uses it for partnerships such as cleaner fish and larger fish or plants and pollinators.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue highlights two-sided benefit rather than harm or one-sided use.","hint":"Pollinators and flowering plants often illustrate it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","species interactions","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-commensalism-pilot-final","clue":"Species interaction where one benefits and the other is mostly unaffected","answer":"COMMENSALISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Commensalism is a relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed much.","explanation":"COMMENSALISM is correct because it names a subtle interaction where the second species experiences little direct effect.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue distinguishes one-sided benefit from mutual benefit or parasitic harm.","hint":"Barnacles riding on whales are a common example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","species interactions","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-parasitism-pilot-final","clue":"Species interaction where one benefits while the host is harmed","answer":"PARASITISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Parasitism is a relationship in which one organism gains resources from another while harming it.","explanation":"PARASITISM fits because ecology studies how this interaction shapes defenses, population health, and species relationships.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals benefit to one side and cost to the host.","hint":"Ticks feeding on mammals illustrate it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","species interactions","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-succession-pilot-final","clue":"Gradual change in community composition over time","answer":"SUCCESSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Succession is the process by which ecological communities change over time after disturbance or new habitat formation.","explanation":"SUCCESSION is correct because ecology uses it to describe how species replace or prepare conditions for later species.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to staged community change rather than seasonal movement.","hint":"It can follow a fire, lava flow, or abandoned field.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","communities","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-carrying-capacity-pilot-final","clue":"Maximum population an environment can support over time","answer":"CARRYINGCAPACITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Carrying capacity is the largest population size an environment can sustain with available resources.","explanation":"CARRYINGCAPACITY fits because population growth slows or declines when resources cannot support more individuals.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals an upper limit set by environmental conditions.","hint":"Food, water, space, and disease can limit it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","populations","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-biomass-pilot-final","clue":"Total mass of living material in an area or level","answer":"BIOMASS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Biomass is the total amount of living or recently living organic matter in a defined area.","explanation":"BIOMASS is correct because ecology uses it to compare how much organic matter exists in producers, consumers, or whole systems.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to measured living material rather than number of species.","hint":"Energy pyramids often compare it across feeding positions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","energy flow","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-eutrophication-pilot-final","clue":"Nutrient enrichment that can trigger algal blooms in water","answer":"EUTROPHICATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Eutrophication is the buildup of nutrients in a body of water, often causing excessive algae growth and oxygen loss.","explanation":"EUTROPHICATION fits because ecology connects it to runoff, algal blooms, decomposition, and low oxygen conditions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals a water-quality process driven by extra nutrients.","hint":"Runoff carrying fertilizer may start the process.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","water systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-invasive-species-pilot-final","clue":"Non-native organism that spreads and causes ecological harm","answer":"INVASIVESPECIES","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An invasive species is a non-native organism that establishes, spreads, and damages an ecosystem, economy, or human activity.","explanation":"INVASIVESPECIES is correct because ecology studies how such organisms disrupt food webs, habitats, and native populations.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to harmful spread after introduction to a new area.","hint":"It may outcompete local organisms.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","communities","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-keystone-species-pilot-final","clue":"Organism with an outsized effect on its ecosystem","answer":"KEYSTONESPECIES","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A keystone species has a disproportionately large influence on community structure relative to its abundance.","explanation":"KEYSTONESPECIES fits because species such as sea otters can shape entire community patterns through their interactions.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals ecological importance beyond simple population size.","hint":"Removing it can change many other populations.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","communities","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-ecology-vocabulary-bioaccumulation-pilot-final","clue":"Buildup of substances in organisms over time","answer":"BIOACCUMULATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Bioaccumulation is the gradual increase of a substance in an organism as uptake exceeds elimination.","explanation":"BIOACCUMULATION is correct because ecology uses it to explain how contaminants can persist and affect organisms through food webs.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to stored material increasing within living bodies.","hint":"Some pollutants become more concentrated in tissues.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["ecology","pollution","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"ecology-vocabulary","subject":"science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/ecology","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"ecology-vocabulary","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-thesis-pilot-final","clue":"Main arguable claim guiding an essay","answer":"THESIS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A thesis is the central claim or controlling idea that an essay develops and supports.","explanation":"THESIS fits because strong academic writing uses this statement to focus evidence, reasoning, and structure.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to the argument that organizes the whole piece.","hint":"It gives readers the paper's central direction.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","argument","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-counterclaim-pilot-final","clue":"Opposing argument a writer addresses","answer":"COUNTERCLAIM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A counterclaim is a claim that challenges or disagrees with the writer's main argument.","explanation":"COUNTERCLAIM is correct because argumentative writing often presents it before answering it with reasons or evidence.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals an opposing position rather than supporting evidence.","hint":"It shows the writer understands another side.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","argument","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-rebuttal-pilot-final","clue":"Response that answers an opposing argument","answer":"REBUTTAL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A rebuttal is a reply that challenges, weakens, or refutes a counterargument.","explanation":"REBUTTAL fits because it helps an argument recover strength by explaining why the competing point does not defeat the claim.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to the writer's answer after acknowledging opposition.","hint":"It explains why the other side is limited or mistaken.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","argument","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-warrant-pilot-final","clue":"Reasoning that connects evidence to a claim","answer":"WARRANT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A warrant is the underlying logic that links evidence with the conclusion it is meant to support.","explanation":"WARRANT is correct because argument analysis asks students to make this connecting assumption clear instead of leaving it unstated.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals the bridge between support and claim.","hint":"It explains why the proof actually supports the point.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","argument","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-pathos-pilot-final","clue":"Persuasive appeal aimed at emotion","answer":"PATHOS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Pathos is a rhetorical appeal that seeks to move an audience through feelings.","explanation":"PATHOS fits because writers and speakers often use examples, imagery, or tone to shape how readers feel.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue identifies persuasion by emotion rather than authority or logic.","hint":"A speech may use a vivid story to create it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","appeals","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-ethos-pilot-final","clue":"Persuasive appeal based on credibility or character","answer":"ETHOS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Ethos is a rhetorical appeal grounded in the speaker's or writer's credibility.","explanation":"ETHOS is correct because audiences often judge arguments partly by whether the source seems knowledgeable and fair.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals trust in the communicator rather than emotion or reasoning alone.","hint":"Expertise, fairness, and trustworthiness contribute to it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","appeals","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-logos-pilot-final","clue":"Persuasive appeal based on reasoning and evidence","answer":"LOGOS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Logos is a rhetorical appeal that relies on logic, facts, and structured reasoning.","explanation":"LOGOS fits because academic arguments often depend on evidence, examples, and valid reasoning to persuade readers.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to rational support rather than character or feeling.","hint":"Statistics and clear cause-and-effect support it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","appeals","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-rhetoric-pilot-final","clue":"Art of using language to persuade or shape meaning","answer":"RHETORIC","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Rhetoric is the study and practice of effective, persuasive, or purposeful communication.","explanation":"RHETORIC is correct because it names the field that analyzes how speakers and writers influence readers or listeners.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to strategic language choices for an audience.","hint":"Speeches, essays, and advertisements can all be studied through it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","communication","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-anaphora-pilot-final","clue":"Repetition of opening words in nearby clauses","answer":"ANAPHORA","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Anaphora is a rhetorical device in which successive phrases, clauses, or sentences begin with the same words.","explanation":"ANAPHORA fits because this pattern can build rhythm, emphasis, and momentum in speeches and essays.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals repeated beginnings rather than repeated endings.","hint":"A speech might begin several lines the same way.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","style","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-hyperbole-pilot-final","clue":"Deliberate exaggeration for effect","answer":"HYPERBOLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Hyperbole is intentional exaggeration used for emphasis, humor, or strong impression.","explanation":"HYPERBOLE is correct because writers use it to intensify a point without claiming precise factual measurement.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to overstatement that is not meant literally.","hint":"Saying a backpack weighs a ton is an example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","figurative language","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-oxymoron-pilot-final","clue":"Phrase combining seemingly contradictory terms","answer":"OXYMORON","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An oxymoron is a compact expression that joins words with apparently opposite meanings.","explanation":"OXYMORON fits because the tension between paired words can create irony, surprise, or a sharper idea.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals contradiction inside a short phrase.","hint":"Bittersweet is a common example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","figurative language","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-juxtaposition-pilot-final","clue":"Placement of contrasting ideas side by side","answer":"JUXTAPOSITION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Juxtaposition is the deliberate placement of different elements near each other for comparison or contrast.","explanation":"JUXTAPOSITION is correct because writers use side-by-side contrast to make readers notice differences more strongly.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to nearby placement as the source of meaning.","hint":"A writer may set luxury next to poverty to sharpen contrast.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","comparison","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-syllogism-pilot-final","clue":"Logical argument with two premises and a conclusion","answer":"SYLLOGISM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A syllogism is a deductive reasoning structure made of linked premises leading to a conclusion.","explanation":"SYLLOGISM fits because rhetoric and composition courses use it to test whether claims follow from stated reasons.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals formal logic rather than emotional persuasion.","hint":"The classic form moves from general rule to specific case.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["rhetoric","logic","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-syntax-pilot-final","clue":"Arrangement of words in sentences","answer":"SYNTAX","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Syntax is the order and structure of words, phrases, and clauses in a sentence.","explanation":"SYNTAX is correct because writers control pacing, clarity, and emphasis by shaping sentence structure.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to sentence arrangement rather than word meaning alone.","hint":"Changing word order can change emphasis or meaning.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","sentence style","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-coherence-pilot-final","clue":"Quality of ideas fitting together clearly","answer":"COHERENCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Coherence is the quality of writing in which ideas connect in an understandable, unified way.","explanation":"COHERENCE fits because readers can follow an essay more easily when each sentence and paragraph relates to the larger point.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals overall connectedness rather than a single grammar rule.","hint":"Transitions and logical order help create it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","organization","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-purpose-pilot-final","clue":"Reason a writer creates a text","answer":"PURPOSE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Purpose is the writer's intended goal or reason for communicating.","explanation":"PURPOSE is correct because rhetorical analysis asks what the writer is trying to accomplish through the piece.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to why a text exists for its audience.","hint":"It may be to inform, argue, explain, or entertain.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","rhetorical situation","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-register-pilot-final","clue":"Level of formality used for a situation","answer":"REGISTER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Register is the degree of formality or language style appropriate to a context, audience, or purpose.","explanation":"REGISTER fits because writers adjust vocabulary and sentence choices depending on whether the context is formal, informal, technical, or casual.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals matching language level to a situation.","hint":"A lab report and a text message usually differ in it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","style","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-style-pilot-final","clue":"Distinctive way a writer uses language","answer":"STYLE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Style is the recognizable pattern of language choices that shapes how a text sounds and feels.","explanation":"STYLE is correct because readers can compare authors by recurring choices in diction, syntax, imagery, and tone.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to the overall manner of expression.","hint":"Word choice, sentence length, and tone contribute to it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","author craft","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-concession-pilot-final","clue":"Acknowledgment that an opposing point has some merit","answer":"CONCESSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A concession is a statement that admits part of an opposing argument may be valid or reasonable.","explanation":"CONCESSION fits because persuasive writing can build credibility by recognizing a fair point from another side.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals limited agreement before continuing the argument.","hint":"It can make an argument seem fairer.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","argument","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-writing-and-rhetoric-emphasis-pilot-final","clue":"Special stress placed on an idea","answer":"EMPHASIS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Emphasis is the added importance or force given to a word, idea, or detail.","explanation":"EMPHASIS is correct because writers use structure and style to show readers what deserves extra attention.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to making one part stand out.","hint":"Repetition, placement, or punctuation can create it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["writing","style","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"writing-and-rhetoric","subject":"english-language-arts","sourceUrl":"https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"writing-and-rhetoric","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-algorithm-pilot-final","clue":"Step-by-step procedure for solving a problem","answer":"ALGORITHM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An algorithm is a precise sequence of steps used to complete a task or solve a problem.","explanation":"ALGORITHM fits because computer programs implement procedures that transform inputs into outputs through defined steps.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals ordered instructions rather than a single command.","hint":"A recipe is a useful everyday analogy.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","programming","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-loop-pilot-final","clue":"Programming structure that repeats instructions","answer":"LOOP","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A loop is a control structure that runs a block of code repeatedly.","explanation":"LOOP is correct because programmers use it to avoid rewriting the same instructions for every repeated action.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to repetition as the essential behavior.","hint":"It may continue a fixed number of times or until a condition changes.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","programming","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-array-pilot-final","clue":"Ordered collection stored under one name","answer":"ARRAY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An array is a data structure that stores multiple values in an ordered sequence.","explanation":"ARRAY fits because programs use it to keep related items together while still accessing each element by position.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals indexed storage rather than one standalone value.","hint":"Items are often reached by index positions.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","data structures","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-boolean-pilot-final","clue":"Data type with true-or-false values","answer":"BOOLEAN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A Boolean is a value or data type limited to true and false.","explanation":"BOOLEAN is correct because comparisons such as x > 5 produce values that guide branching and loops.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to two-valued logic used in conditions.","hint":"It often controls decisions in code.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","logic","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-debugging-pilot-final","clue":"Process of finding and fixing program errors","answer":"DEBUGGING","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Debugging is the process of locating, understanding, and correcting errors in code.","explanation":"DEBUGGING fits because programmers often inspect inputs, outputs, and logic to remove mistakes from software.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals repair of a program after something behaves unexpectedly.","hint":"Testing and print statements can help with it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","programming","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-compiler-pilot-final","clue":"Tool that translates source code before execution","answer":"COMPILER","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A compiler is software that translates code from one programming language into another form, often machine code.","explanation":"COMPILER is correct because it prepares written source code so a computer can execute or further process it.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to translation of a whole program rather than manual editing.","hint":"Some languages need this step before a program runs.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","programming tools","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-recursion-pilot-final","clue":"Technique where a procedure calls itself","answer":"RECURSION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Recursion is a programming technique in which a function solves a problem by calling itself on smaller cases.","explanation":"RECURSION fits because many algorithms for trees, search, and mathematical sequences use repeated self-calls.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals self-reference controlled by a stopping condition.","hint":"A base case keeps it from continuing forever.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","algorithms","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-iteration-pilot-final","clue":"Repeated execution of a process or step","answer":"ITERATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Iteration is repetition of a process, often with updated values each time.","explanation":"ITERATION is correct because algorithms often improve or compute results by performing the same step many times.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to repeated passes rather than self-calling structure.","hint":"Each pass through a loop is one example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","algorithms","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-object-pilot-final","clue":"Programming entity combining data with behavior","answer":"OBJECT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An object is a software unit that bundles state and actions in object-oriented programming.","explanation":"OBJECT fits because programs can represent things such as users, accounts, or sprites as units with properties and methods.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals a modeled entity rather than a primitive value.","hint":"It may have fields and methods.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","object oriented programming","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-class-pilot-final","clue":"Blueprint for creating similar software objects","answer":"CLASS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A class is a programmer-defined model that describes the data and behavior shared by objects.","explanation":"CLASS is correct because object-oriented languages use it to specify what related objects know and can do.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a design pattern from which instances are created.","hint":"Instances are made from this template.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","object oriented programming","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-stack-pilot-final","clue":"Data structure where the newest item leaves first","answer":"STACK","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A stack is a last-in, first-out data structure.","explanation":"STACK fits because programs use this structure for undo actions, function calls, and other nested tasks.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals an access rule based on most recent addition.","hint":"Think of plates added and removed from the top.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","data structures","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-queue-pilot-final","clue":"Data structure where the earliest item leaves first","answer":"QUEUE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A queue is a first-in, first-out data structure.","explanation":"QUEUE is correct because programs use this structure for tasks such as print jobs, event handling, and scheduling.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals service in arrival order.","hint":"A line at a ticket counter is the common analogy.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","data structures","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-tree-pilot-final","clue":"Hierarchical data structure with a root and children","answer":"TREE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A tree is a data structure made of connected nodes arranged in parent-child relationships.","explanation":"TREE fits because computer science uses this structure for filesystems, search, parsing, and decision processes.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to hierarchy rather than a flat list.","hint":"Folders inside folders form a familiar example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","data structures","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-graph-pilot-final","clue":"Data structure of vertices connected by links","answer":"GRAPH","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A graph is a data structure made of nodes or vertices joined by edges.","explanation":"GRAPH is correct because many computing problems model relationships as connected points and links.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals general network connections rather than x-y plotting.","hint":"Maps of routes and social networks can use it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","data structures","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-node-pilot-final","clue":"Point or item connected within a data structure","answer":"NODE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A node is an individual element in structures such as linked lists, trees, and graphs.","explanation":"NODE fits because algorithms often visit, store, or compare these elements while traversing a structure.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a single connected element inside a larger structure.","hint":"Vertices in a network diagram are examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","data structures","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-edge-pilot-final","clue":"Connection between two vertices in a network structure","answer":"EDGE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"An edge is a link joining two nodes or vertices in a graph.","explanation":"EDGE is correct because graph algorithms analyze these connections to find paths, costs, and relationships.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals the relationship line rather than the connected points.","hint":"It may have a direction or weight.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","data structures","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-binary-pilot-final","clue":"Using a base-two number system","answer":"BINARY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Binary describes a base-two system that uses two digits, 0 and 1.","explanation":"BINARY fits because digital computers encode instructions, text, images, and numbers using patterns of bits.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to two-symbol numeric representation.","hint":"Computers represent many values with zeros and ones.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","number systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-cache-pilot-final","clue":"Small fast storage for recently used data","answer":"CACHE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A cache is a storage layer that keeps frequently or recently accessed data available quickly.","explanation":"CACHE is correct because hardware and software both use it to improve performance when the same data is needed again.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals speed through temporary nearby storage.","hint":"It can reduce repeated slow lookups.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-protocol-pilot-final","clue":"Agreed rules for communication between systems","answer":"PROTOCOL","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A protocol is a defined set of rules that devices or programs follow to exchange information.","explanation":"PROTOCOL fits because networks depend on common formats and procedures so independent systems can understand one another.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to shared communication rules rather than a single message.","hint":"HTTP is one example on the web.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","networks","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-computer-science-encapsulation-pilot-final","clue":"Object-oriented practice of bundling data with controlled access","answer":"ENCAPSULATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Encapsulation is the design principle of grouping data with behavior while limiting direct access to internal state.","explanation":"ENCAPSULATION is correct because it helps programmers manage complexity by exposing useful operations without revealing every implementation detail.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals protected bundling inside a software object.","hint":"It hides internal details behind methods.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["computer science","object oriented programming","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"computer-science","subject":"computer-science","sourceUrl":"https://www.khanacademy.org/computing/computer-science","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"computer-science","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-nutrient-pilot-final","clue":"Substance in food that supports body functions","answer":"NUTRIENT","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A nutrient is a substance obtained from food that the body uses for energy, growth, repair, or regulation.","explanation":"NUTRIENT fits because health literacy includes knowing how different food components support normal body processes.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to useful food components rather than a whole meal.","hint":"Protein, vitamins, and minerals are examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","nutrition","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-hydration-pilot-final","clue":"Maintaining enough body water for normal function","answer":"HYDRATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Hydration is the condition of having adequate water in the body for everyday functions.","explanation":"HYDRATION is correct because general wellness lessons discuss water as important for temperature control, digestion, and physical activity.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals body water balance rather than calories or sleep.","hint":"Thirst and activity level can affect needs.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","nutrition","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-cardiovascular-pilot-final","clue":"Relating to the heart and blood vessels","answer":"CARDIOVASCULAR","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Cardiovascular describes the heart, blood vessels, and circulation of blood through the body.","explanation":"CARDIOVASCULAR fits because health and fitness classes use it when discussing endurance, pulse, and aerobic activity.","partOfSpeech":"adjective","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to a body system involved in moving blood.","hint":"Running and cycling often train this body system.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","body systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"advanced","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-flexibility-pilot-final","clue":"Ability of joints and muscles to move through range","answer":"FLEXIBILITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Flexibility is the capacity of muscles and joints to move comfortably through their range of motion.","explanation":"FLEXIBILITY is correct because physical education treats it as one component of overall fitness.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals movement range rather than strength or speed.","hint":"Stretching activities often develop it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","fitness","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-endurance-pilot-final","clue":"Ability to continue activity over time","answer":"ENDURANCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Endurance is the capacity to sustain physical effort for an extended period.","explanation":"ENDURANCE fits because fitness lessons distinguish sustained effort from strength, power, balance, and flexibility.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to lasting through activity rather than a single burst.","hint":"Longer steady exercise can build it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","fitness","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-strength-pilot-final","clue":"Ability of muscles to exert force","answer":"STRENGTH","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Strength is the capacity of muscles to produce force during activity.","explanation":"STRENGTH is correct because it is a core fitness component taught alongside endurance and flexibility.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals muscular force rather than coordination or stamina.","hint":"Resistance exercises are often used to develop it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","fitness","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-balance-pilot-final","clue":"Ability to keep body position stable","answer":"BALANCE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Balance is the ability to maintain control of body position while still or moving.","explanation":"BALANCE fits because fitness and movement lessons include it as a skill that supports safe, coordinated activity.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to postural control rather than nutrition or sleep.","hint":"Standing on one foot can test it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","fitness","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-sleep-hygiene-pilot-final","clue":"Habits and surroundings that support regular rest","answer":"SLEEPHYGIENE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Sleep hygiene is the set of behaviors and environmental choices that support healthy sleep patterns.","explanation":"SLEEPHYGIENE is correct because general health education teaches that consistent, supportive habits can improve sleep readiness.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals routine and setting around rest.","hint":"A steady bedtime routine is one example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","sleep","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-immunity-pilot-final","clue":"Body protection against specific harmful germs","answer":"IMMUNITY","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Immunity is the body's ability to resist or respond to particular infectious agents.","explanation":"IMMUNITY fits because public health lessons explain how the immune system recognizes and responds to pathogens.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to defense against germs in a general health-literacy context.","hint":"Vaccines can help build one form of it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","public health","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-vaccination-pilot-final","clue":"Public health practice that trains immune protection","answer":"VACCINATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Vaccination is the process of giving a vaccine to help the immune system prepare for a disease-causing organism.","explanation":"VACCINATION is correct because health literacy includes understanding how community protection against infectious disease can be supported.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals prevention through immune preparation.","hint":"Schools often discuss it as disease prevention.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","public health","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-sanitation-pilot-final","clue":"Systems and practices that keep environments clean","answer":"SANITATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Sanitation is the maintenance of clean conditions through waste management, safe water, and related practices.","explanation":"SANITATION fits because public health depends on reducing exposure to harmful germs through clean shared spaces and systems.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to environmental cleanliness as a public health measure.","hint":"Safe water and waste removal are examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","public health","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-pathogen-pilot-final","clue":"Microorganism or agent that can cause disease","answer":"PATHOGEN","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A pathogen is a biological agent capable of causing disease in a host.","explanation":"PATHOGEN is correct because health classes use the term when explaining infection prevention and immune responses.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue names a general germ-related category used in public health.","hint":"Bacteria and viruses can be examples.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","public health","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-hygiene-pilot-final","clue":"Clean practices that help limit germs","answer":"HYGIENE","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Hygiene is the set of personal and environmental cleanliness practices that help protect health.","explanation":"HYGIENE fits because general health literacy includes routines that reduce germ spread in homes, schools, and communities.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals everyday prevention through cleanliness.","hint":"Handwashing is a common example.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","public health","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-digestion-pilot-final","clue":"Process that breaks food into usable materials","answer":"DIGESTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Digestion is the body process that breaks food into smaller substances that can be absorbed and used.","explanation":"DIGESTION is correct because basic body-systems lessons explain how organs process food for energy and materials.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to food breakdown rather than food choice advice.","hint":"It begins before nutrients enter the bloodstream.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","body systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-circulation-pilot-final","clue":"Movement of blood through the body","answer":"CIRCULATION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Circulation is the flow of blood through the heart, blood vessels, and body tissues.","explanation":"CIRCULATION fits because health education uses it to explain how oxygen, nutrients, and wastes move through the body.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals transport inside the body.","hint":"The heart and vessels make it possible.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","body systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-respiratory-system-pilot-final","clue":"Body system used for breathing and gas exchange","answer":"RESPIRATORYSYSTEM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The respiratory system is the group of organs that brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide.","explanation":"RESPIRATORYSYSTEM is correct because basic health science studies how airways and lungs support normal body function.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to breathing and gas exchange rather than exercise performance alone.","hint":"The lungs are central organs in it.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","body systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-muscular-system-pilot-final","clue":"Body system that enables movement through contracting tissues","answer":"MUSCULARSYSTEM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The muscular system is the body system made of muscles that contract to create movement and maintain posture.","explanation":"MUSCULARSYSTEM fits because health classes connect muscles with strength, motion, posture, and everyday activity.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals movement produced by body tissues.","hint":"It works with bones to move the body.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","body systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-skeletal-system-pilot-final","clue":"Body framework of bones and joints","answer":"SKELETALSYSTEM","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"The skeletal system is the body system of bones, cartilage, and joints that supports and protects the body.","explanation":"SKELETALSYSTEM is correct because general health science teaches its role in support, protection, and movement with muscles.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to the body's supporting framework.","hint":"It supports shape and helps protect organs.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","body systems","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"intermediate","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-wellness-pilot-final","clue":"Overall state of healthy habits and functioning","answer":"WELLNESS","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"Wellness is a broad concept describing active habits and conditions that support overall health.","explanation":"WELLNESS fits because health education uses it to discuss balanced routines, prevention, and informed choices.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue signals a whole-person health idea rather than one body part.","hint":"Physical, mental, and social dimensions may be considered.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","health literacy","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]},{"slug":"classroom-health-and-wellness-portion-pilot-final","clue":"Amount of food chosen or served at one time","answer":"PORTION","date":"2026-08-24","definition":"A portion is the amount of food a person chooses to eat or is served at one time.","explanation":"PORTION is correct because nutrition lessons distinguish chosen amounts from package serving-size information.","partOfSpeech":"noun","clueType":"direct-definition","signal":"The clue points to quantity on a plate rather than a nutrient type.","hint":"It may differ from the serving size on a label.","reviewedAt":"2026-08-24","tags":["health","nutrition","grades 6-12"],"difficulty":"introductory","skill":"health-and-wellness","subject":"health-education","sourceUrl":"https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/","sourceLicense":"reference-only-unconfirmed","requiredAttribution":"None required for original wording","contentVersion":1,"skillFocus":"health-and-wellness","gradeBands":["6-8","9-12"]}]